Modular electrical system including back-to-back receptacle configurations and capable of providing four wire circuitry

ABSTRACT

An electrical system comprises a four-wire integral receptacle junction block assembly ( 530 ) having a first male end connector set ( 536 ) and a second male end connector set ( 538 ). The assembly ( 530 ) also includes a first duplex receptacle set ( 540 ) and a second duplex receptacle set ( 541 ). The connector sets ( 534, 536 ) are connected to a series of buss bars ( 570 ) comprising two hot buss bars ( 586, 616 ), a neutral buss bar ( 620 ), and a ground buss bar ( 598 ). The buss bars ( 570 ) can be configured so as to selectively apply incoming power to the duplex receptacle sets ( 540, 541 ) from either of two circuits.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.15/360,331 filed Nov. 23, 2016, a continuation in part of Ser. No.14/056,166 filed Oct. 17, 2013, and a continuation in part of Ser. No.11/747,518, filed May 11, 2007, titled MODULAR ELECTRICAL SYSTEMINCLUDING BACK-TO-BACK RECEPTACLE CONFIGURATIONS AND CAPABLE OFPROVIDING FOUR WIRE CIRCUITRY.

STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT

Not applicable.

REFERENCE TO MICROFISHE APPENDIX

Not applicable.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention

The invention relates to electrical power and communicationsdistribution systems and, more particularly, to systems employingmodular components with back-to-back circuit configurations and capableof providing for four wire circuit configurations with receptacles.

Background Art

Known interior wall systems typically employ pre-fabricated modularunits. These units are often joined together in various configurations,so as to divide a workplace into smaller offices or work areas.Generally, such modular wall panels may be equipped with means forreceiving general building power and, possibly, general communications.Such building power may, for example, be conventional AC power receivedeither under floor or from relatively permanent walls or the like. Invarious types of environments comprising electrical equipment, orwherein electrical apparatus are otherwise employed, interconnections ofelectrical components to incoming utility power are typically providedby means of cables or wires. For example, in office systems compromisingmodular furniture components, it is often necessary to provideelectrical interconnections between incoming power supplies and varioustypes of electrical devices typically used in an office environment,such as electric typewriters, lamps, etc. Computer-related devices, suchas video display terminals and similar peripherals, are also nowcommonly employed in various office and industrial environments.

One advantage inherent in modular office systems is the capability torearrange furniture components as necessitated by changes in spacerequirements, resulting from changes in the number of personnel andother business-related considerations. However, these modular systemsmust not only allow for change in furniture configurations, but alsomust provide for convenient interconnection of electrical devices toutility power, regardless of the spacial configuration of the modularsystems and resultant variable distances between electrical devices.

In providing the interconnection of electrical apparatus and powerinputs, it is necessary to include an arrangement for feeding theincoming utility power to the power outlets. In stationary structures,such as conventional industrial buildings and the like, a substantialamount of room would normally exist behind stationary walls and otherareas in which to provide the requisite cabling for interconnectingincoming utility power to electrical receptacles mounted in the walls.Such systems, however, can be designed so as to remain stationarythroughout their lifetime, without requiring general changes in theoffice or industrial environment areas.

In addition to receiving electrical power from the general incomingbuilding power supply, modular office systems typically requirecommunications connections for office equipment such as telephones,internet communications and the like. The problems associated withproviding distribution of communications essentially correspond to thesame problems existing with respect to distribution of conventionalelectrical power.

In this regard, it is known to provide modular wall panels with areascharacterized as raceways. Often, these raceways are located alongbottom edges of modular panels. The raceways are adapted to houseelectrical cabling and electrical junction blocks. The cabling andjunction blocks are utilized to provide electrical outlets andelectrical power connections to adjacent panels. However, it is alsoapparent that to the extent reference is made herein to providingelectrical outlets and electrical power connections for adjacent panels,the same issues exist with respect to providing communications amongpanels.

Still further, it is known that the raceway of one modular wall unit maybe provided with a male connector at one end, and a female connector atanother end. Pairs of junction blocks, each provided with electricaloutlets, made to be disposed at spaced-apart positions along theraceway. Conduits may be extended between the junction blocks andbetween the connectors in the junction blocks. In this manner,electrical interconnection is provided between the units.

The modular panels of a space-divider may be configured, such thatadjacent panels are in a straight line, or at various angular positionsrelative to each other. It is common to configure intersecting walls insuch a fashion that three or four modular wall panels may intersect atright angles. Each of the panels typically requires electrical outlets,and may require outlets on both sides of the panels. In any event,electrical power has to be provided to all of the panels, and often onlyone of the panels at the multiple panel junction is connected to a powersupply source. Under such circumstances, the interconnecting wiringbecomes a significant problem. That is, special modifications may haveto be made to power systems of wall panels to be used in such aconfiguration. Because interchangeability of wall panels is highlydesirable, custom modifications are preferably avoided. Still further,modifications of wall panels on site at the installation facility iscomplex and may be relatively expensive.

In addition to the foregoing issues, problems can arise with respect tothe use of junction blocks and the amount of room which may exist withina raceway. That is, raceways require sufficient room so as to providefor junction blocks, electrical outlet receptacle blocks, and cablingextending between junction blocks and between adjacent panels.

One example of a prior art system is illustrated in Propst's, et al.,U.S. Pat. No. 4,382,648 issued May 10, 1983. In the Propst, et al.system, mating connectors of opposing panels are engaged when the panelsare aligned in a straight line. When the panels are positioned in anintersecting relationship, specially manufactured couplers are utilized.One type of special coupler is used when the panels are positioned atright angles. Another type is used with adjoining panels arranged atangles other than right angles. Consequently, costly inventory ofcouplers must be maintained. The Propst, et al. system uses a double setof connectors comprising a male and female connector for each conductorto be interconnected. When a single one of these prior art panelsintersects two adjacent panels, one of the specially manufacturedcouplers connects the female terminals to one of the adjacent panels,and another of the couplers connects the male terminals to the adjacentpanel.

A further system is disclosed in Driscoll, U.S. Pat. No. 4,135,775,issued Jan. 23, 1979. In the Driscoll system, each panel is providedwith an electrical outlet box in its raceway. Panels of different widthsare provided with a pair of female connectors. Outlet boxes of adjacentpanels are interconnected by means of flexible cables having maleconnectors at both ends. When three or four panels are adjoined in anintersecting arrangement, two cables may be connected the pair of femaleconnectors at one end of an outlet box. In this manner, connection oftwo adjacent panels is facilitated.

With respect to both of the foregoing systems, and other than in thespecial intersecting relationship, one half of the double set ofterminals of these systems is superfluous. There is a distinctdisadvantage in modern day systems, where several independent electricalcircuits are needed in a wall panel system, with each requiring separateconnectors. Space for such circuits and their connectors is very limitedin the raceway areas of modern, thin-line wall panels.

Other systems also exist with respect to electrical connectors, junctionboxes, and the like. For example, Rodrigues, U.S. Pat. No. 1,187,010issued Jun. 13, 1916, discloses a detachable and interchangeableelectrical switch plug adapted for use in connection with variouselectrically heated appliances. A clamping device is positioned in afixed, but detachable relationship to one end of the plug. Means areprovided to enclose and prevent sharp flexure of the cord comprising aflexible enclosing tube gripped under tension by the other end of theclamping device. The plug and the clamping device may be simultaneouslyremoved from the socket.

Finizie, U.S. Pat. No. 2,540,575, issued Feb. 6, 1951, discloses a cordguide member for utensil plugs. The concept is to reduce wear on thecord and the connector plug, and to provide a connection which willwithstand heavy pulling strains without injury. Strain relief is alsoprovided. A sectional body is equipped anteriorally adjacent one end ofthe body with terminals. The other end of the body contains an anteriorchamber or socket. A pivotable cord-guiding member having a pivot memberis movably mounted in the socket. A wedge-shaped strain relief insert isreceived within a wedge-shaped recess in the pivot member. A cordextends into the pivot member and includes wires passing from the cordtoward the terminals. The incoming portions of the wires are movedaround the insert and firmly wedged within the recess.

Byrne, U.S. Pat. No. 4,551,577, issued Nov. 5, 1985, describes aretractable power center. The power center provides for convenientlylocated electrical power source receptacles adapted to be mounted on awork surface. In one embodiment, the power center includes a rectangularhousing received within a slot in a work surface. A clamping arrangementis utilized to secure the housing to the work surface. A lower extrusionis connected to the lower portion of the housing. A movable powercarriage mounts the receptacles and a catch assembly releasablymaintains a carriage in a closed and retracted position. In response tomanual activation, the catch assembly is released and springs tensionedbetween the carriage and the extrusion exert forces so as to extend thecarriage upward into an extended, open position. In the open position,the user can energize the desired electrical devices from thereceptacles, and then lower the carriage into the retracted position.

Byrne, U.S. Pat. No. 4,959,021, issued Sep. 25, 1990, discloses apivotable power feed connector having a pivotal connector adapted to beconnected to a flexible conduit or cable. The cable has a series ofconductors extending there through. The connector is pivotably connectedto a block assembly through which the conductors extend. The blockassembly, in turn, is connectable to a contact block, with theconductors conductively connected to a set of prong terminals extendingoutwardly from the block. A cover is secured over the block so as toprevent the prong terminals from being exposed during assembly anddisassembly.

The cover automatically exposes the prong terminals as the power feedconnector is moved into engagement with a receptacle in a modular officepanel. The connector allows the conduit or cable to be swiveled to anarc of approximately 180 degrees to any desired position. The connectoris also manually removable from interconnection with the block assembly.Such removal allows the conduit or cable to be pulled back from theconductors and cut to a desired length. The connector includes a powerfeed cover which can be utilized in part to maintain the connector ineither of two spatial configurations relative to the block assembly.

Nienhuis, et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5, 013,252, issued May 7, 1991,discloses an electrified wall panel system having a power distributionserver located within a wall panel unit. The server includes fourreceptacle module ports oriented in an h-shaped configuration. A firstreceptacle port is located on the first side of the wall panel unit andopens toward a first end of the unit. A second receptacle unit is alsolocated on the first side of the wall panel unit, and opens toward asecond end of the wall panel unit. A third receptacle port and a secondsided wall panel unit opens toward the first end of the wall panel unit,while correspondingly, a fourth receptacle port on the second side ofthe wall panel unit opens toward the second end of the wall panel unit.First and second harnesses are each electrically connected at first endsthereof to the power distribution server. They extend to opposite endsof the wall paneled unit and include connector ports on the second endsthereof for providing electrical interconnection of adjacent wall panelunits. The Nienhuis, et al. patent also discloses a system with a wallpanel connector interchangeably usable with the interconnection of two,three or four units. The connector includes a hook member for connectingtogether adjacent vertical members of frames of adjacent wall panelunits at a lower portion thereof. A draw naught for connecting togetheradjacent vertical members of frames of adjacent wall panel units and anodd proportion thereof is provided by vertical displacement thereof.

Lincoln, et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,073,120, issued Dec. 17, 1991,discloses a power distribution assembly having a bussing distributionconnector. The connector includes a series of bus terminals positionedwithin an electrically insulative housing. A series of electricalterminals are positioned in the housing for distributing more than oneelectrical circuit. At least one ground terminal, one neutral terminal,and three hot terminals are provided. A grounding shell partiallysurrounds the bus connector and includes a grounding tab grounding theone ground terminal to the metallic grounding shell. In anotherembodiment, two bus connectors are interconnected together, so as toprovide for an increased number of output ports.

Byrne, U.S. Pat. No. 5,096,431, issued Mar. 17, 1992, discloses anoutlet receptacle with rearrangeable terminals. The receptacle isprovided with input terminals to selected positions, for engagement withterminals of an electrical junction block. The block includes a seriesof terminals representing a plurality of different electrical circuits.The receptacle block has neutral, ground and positive flexible positiveconductor bars electrically connected to neutral, ground and positiveelectrical terminals. Input terminals of the block are formed integralwith the flexible conductor bars and levers are provided for moving theterminal ends of the conductor bars to physically different positions.In one configuration, the receptacle block housing is provided withopenings at opposing ends, and the flexible conductor bars have terminalends controlled by levers at both ends of the outlet receptacle block.In another configuration, the block has output terminals in a frontwall, and the input terminals of the receptacle block are formed as endsof the flexible bars and extend at an approximately 90 degree angle tothe bars. They further send through openings in the back wall of theoutlet receptacle for engagement with terminals of a junction block.Levers are provided in the back wall of the receptacle block forpositioning the terminal ends in alignment with different terminals ofthe junction block, and windowed openings in the front wall exposeindices on the levers identifying selected circuits.

Byrne, U.S. Pat. No. 5,096,434, issued Mar. 17, 1992, discloses anelectrical interconnection assembly for use in wall panels of a spacedivider wall system. The system includes junction blocks having severalreceptacle connectors, so as to provide a plurality of electricaloutlets on both sides of a wall panel. The junction block is connectedby means of conduits extending from both ends of the junction block tooppositely directed connector blocks for connection to adjoining panels.The assembly of the junction block and connector blocks allowselectrical power to be supplied to one end of the panel and conducted toand through the junction block to other panels. The receptacleconnectors on the junction block each have one type of terminalconfiguration, e.g., a female electrical terminal configuration. One ofthe connector blocks is provided with the identical terminalconfiguration. The other connector block is provided with a matchingterminal configuration, e.g., a male electrical terminal configuration.When two wall panels are joined at their respective edges, the maleconnector block may be readily connected to the female connector blockin the adjacent panel. When two panels are joined to a third panel, allat one point, the arrangement of this invention allows the maleconnector block to be connected to the female connector block of one ofthe other two panels, and the male connector of the other of the twopanels may be connected to one of the receptacle connectors of thejunction block on either of the other two panels, in this mannerestablishing a three way interconnection arrangement. In a similarfashion, a fourth, or other additional panels may be added to thejunction and plug into receptacle outlets of other panels in order toprovide an arrangement of panels that is totally interconnected,electrically.

Snodgrass, et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,164,544, issued Nov. 17, 1992,describes an electrified space dividing panel having a panel member,raceway, modular, or electric system disposed in a raceway and racewaycovers for gaining access to the system. The system includes a singleterminal block having end and side sockets, with first and secondelectrical receptacles being respectively removeably engaged with theend socket and the side sockets, such that the first and secondelectrical receptacles are disposed in horizontally spaced, side-by-siderelation and project outwardly for predetermined light dimensionsthrough receptacle openings in one of the raceway covers. The racewaycan include a web having an opening which cooperates with a support earon the first receptacle during engagement of the first receptacle withan end socket, so as to provide additional lateral support for theelectrical receptacle when a plug is removed there from.

Kilpatrick, et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,178,555, discloses a kit whichincludes a junction box for installation along a raceway. The kitincludes a mounting bracket having a first adjustable mounting mechanismfor locating the bracket along the raceway. This provides an initialadjustment, and a second adjustable mounting mechanism is provided forsecuring the junction box to the mounting bracket. This adjustablylocates the junction box along the mounting bracket, and provides asecond or final adjustment to accurately locate the junction box betweentwo pre-measured lengths of cable.

Byrne, U.S. Pat. No. 5,259,787, issued Nov. 9, 1993, discloses anelectrical junction block mounting assembly, which may be utilized formounting the junction block within a raceway. The assembly includes acantilever beam formed on an outer wall of the junction block. This beamis provided with a transversely extending channel for engagement with asupport structure. The beam is attached to the junction block by meansof a resilient hinge section, and is provided with a first arm sectionextending between the hinge section and the channel, and a second armsection extending beyond the channel. The first arm section has asloping surface sloping away from the outer channel between the hingesection of the panel. The second armed section has a sloping surfacesloping toward the wall beyond the channel. The surfaces will contact amounting rail or similar structure during installation of the junctionblock. In this manner, the hinged cantilever beam is deflected until therail is in alignment with the channel for engagement with the structuralsupport member.

Another issue which exists with respect to raceway systems has to dowith size, when the number of circuits provided by 8, 12 or 14 wireelectrical configurations is unnecessary. For example, a system can beprovided through the use of four wires, where the four wires can providefor two separate electrical circuits. In such an instance, each circuitconsists of a hot, common and ground wire. The two separate circuitsutilize two separate hot wires. However, the two circuits also use thesame ground wire and the same common or neutral wire. With these typesof configurations, it would be preferable for the electrical holdingcomponents to be of a size which would be appropriate for four wirecircuitry.

A further issue which can arise relates to physical size somewhatindependent of the issue of the number of circuits. That is, somefurniture designs utilize relatively narrow panels and desk systems.Concurrently, these narrow panels and desk systems have relatively smallraceways. It will be advantageous to provide for a modular electricalsystem of a size which readily fits within the small raceways.

Still further, one disadvantage of known modular electrical systemsrelates to the substantial large volume of individual components. Inthis regard, it would be advantageous to be able to combine certainknown electrical components into one physical element. For example, itis relatively common for electrical receptacles to be separatecomponents which are electrically interconnected to junction blocks. Toreduce the number of parts required for panels and desk assemblies, itwould be advantageous for the junction blocks and the receptacles to bemechanically formed as one piece.

Relatively inherent difficulties with a number of known modularelectrical systems relates to the ease of assembly and installation. Itis sometimes a “trade off” with known systems to facilitate assembly andinstallation, while still providing for relatively secure latching orother connection mechanisms between electrical components. In thisregard, it would be advantageous to provide for a system whichfacilitates assembly and installation, while maintaining a positivelatching mechanism structure.

Still further, one difficulty which arises with respect to connectorsutilized with modular interval systems relates to ensuring for correctpolarization and circuitry configurations. In this regard, it would beadvantageous to include male and female connector configurations whichare keyed so as to provide for correct polarization and circuitry.Correspondingly, for different types of circuit configurations, it wouldbe advantageous to provide for the keying to be modified.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention will now be described with reference to the drawings, inwhich:

FIG. 1 is a fragmentary, perspective view of a plurality of adjacentwall panels and electrical connection assemblies arranged in the panels,with the electrical connection assemblies being part of a modularelectrical system in accordance with the invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a four-wire receptacle junction blockwith keying, in accordance with the invention;

FIG. 3 is an upside-down view of the four-wire receptacle junction blockillustrated in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a left, side elevation view of the four-wire female receptaclejunction block illustrated in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a front, elevation view of the four-wire female receptaclejunction block illustrated in FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a four-wire female receptacle junctionblock in accordance with the invention, similar to the junction blockshown in FIG. 2, but with an alternative keying arrangement;

FIG. 7 is an upside-down view of the four-wire female receptaclejunction block illustrated in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a left-side elevation view of the four-wire female receptaclejunction block illustrated in FIG. 6;

FIG. 9 is a front, elevation view of the four-wire female receptaclejunction block illustrated in FIG. 6;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a four-wire female receptacle junctionblock in accordance with the invention, similar to the junction block ofFIG. 2, but with a still further alternative keying arrangement;

FIG. 11 is an upside-down view of the four-wire female receptaclejunction block illustrated in FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is a left-side elevation view of the four-wire female receptaclejunction block illustrated in FIG. 10;

FIG. 13 is a front, elevation view of the four-wire female receptaclejunction block illustrated in FIG;

FIG. 14 is a perspective and partially exploded view, illustrating therelative positioning of the four-wire female receptacle junction blockillustrated in FIG. 2 as it is being electrically connected to a maleconnector block of a separate element of the modular electrical system;

FIG. 15 is a combination illustration showing a side view and end viewof the male connector block illustrated in FIG. 14, and a side-view andend-view of the four-wire female receptacle junction block alsoillustrated in FIG. 14;

FIG. 16 is a planned view of a four-wire male blade connector having akeying configuration in accordance with the invention;

FIG. 17 is a perspective view of the four-wire male blade connectorblock illustrated in FIG. 16;

FIG. 18 is a front, elevation view of the four-wire male blade connectorblock illustrated in FIG. 16;

FIG. 19 is a right-side elevation view of the four-wire male bladeconnector block illustrated in FIG. 16, showing a particular keyingarrangement;

FIG. 20 is a planned view of an alternative four-wire male bladeconnector block similar to FIG. 16, but having a different keyingarrangement;

FIG. 21 is a perspective view of the four-wire male blade connectorblock illustrated in FIG. 16;

FIG. 22 is a front, elevation view of the four-wire male blade connectorblock illustrated in FIG. 20;

FIG. 23 is a right-side elevation view of the four-wire male bladeconnector block illustrated in FIG. 20, and showing the alternativekeying arrangement;

FIG. 24 is a planned view of a still further embodiment of a four-wiremale blade connector block in accordance with the invention with a stillfurther alternative keying arrangement;

FIG. 25 is a perspective view of the four-wire male blade connectorblock illustrated in FIG. 24;

FIG. 26 is a front, elevation view of the four-wire male blade connectorblock illustrated in FIG. 24;

FIG. 27 is a right-side elevation view of the four-wire male bladeconnector block illustrated in FIG. 24, and showing the alternativekeying arrangement;

FIG. 28 is a partially exploded and perspective view similar to FIG. 14,and showing the relative positioning of the four-wire male bladeconnector block and the four-wire female receptacle junction block asthe two elements are connected together;

FIG. 29 is a combination illustration, showing elevation and end viewsof the four-wire male blade connector block shown in FIG. 28, and endand elevation views of the four-wire female receptacle junction block,also shown in FIG. 28, and further showing how the keying arrangementsfor the two elements match together;

FIG. 30A illustrates a set of four-wire receptacle junction blockshaving male/male end connectors;

FIG. 30B illustrates a two-way connector having female/female terminals;

FIG. 30C illustrates a four-way connector assembly having male/male endconnectors on each of the opposing ends of the connector assembly;

FIG. 30D illustrates a three-way jumper assembly having a pair of femaleend connectors and a male end connector;

FIG. 31 is an upside-down view of receptacle junction block assembly inaccordance with the invention;

FIG. 32 is a front, elevation view of the receptacle junction blockassembly illustrated in FIG. 31;

FIG. 33 is a left-side elevation view of the receptacle junction blockassembly shown on FIG. 31;

FIG. 34 is a right-side elevation view of the receptacle junction blockassembly shown in FIG. 31;

FIG. 35 is a side, upright view of the receptacle junction blockassembly shown in FIG. 31;

FIG. 36 is an elevation view of the receptacle junction block assemblyshown in FIG. 31, with FIG. 36 showing the side of the junction blockassembly opposing the side shown in FIG. 32;

FIG. 37 is an exploded view of the receptacle junction block assemblyshown in FIG. 31, and illustrated in four separate buss bars.

FIG. 38 is a partially exploded view of the receptacle junction blockassembly shown in FIG. 31, showing the buss bars inserted into thejunction block housing;

FIG. 39 is a perspective view of the receptacle junction block assemblyshown in FIG. 31;

FIG. 40 illustrates the buss bar configuration for the receptaclejunction block assembly illustrated in FIG. 31, for use of a first oneof the two available circuits.

FIG. 41 is a view similar to FIG. 40, but shows the buss barconfiguration for use with the second one of the two available circuits;

FIG. 42 illustrates an initial position of one end of the receptaclejunction block assembly illustrated in FIG. 31, relative to the positionof a female connector block for purposes of interconnection of theelements;

FIG. 43 illustrates somewhat of an initial position as the receptaclejunction block assembly begins to electrically and mechanicallyinterconnect to the female connector block;

FIG. 44 is similar to FIGS. 42 and 43, but illustrates the finalconnection position between the receptacle junction block assembly andthe female connector block;

FIG. 45 is a planned view of a two-way jumper assembly for use with themodular electrical system in accordance with the invention;

FIG. 46 is a front, elevation view of the jumper assembly shown in FIG.45;

FIG. 47 is a left-end elevation view of the jumper assembly shown inFIG. 45;

FIG. 48 is a right-end view of the jumper assembly shown in FIG. 45;

FIG. 49 is an underside view of the jumper assembly shown in FIG. 45;

FIG. 50 is a rear, elevation view of the jumper assembly shown in FIG.45;

FIG. 51 is a planned view of an alternative embodiment of a two-wayjumper assembly in accordance with the invention, showing the use ofexpandable conduit interconnecting the pair of female end connectorblocks;

FIG. 52 is a front, elevation view of the jumper assembly shown in FIG.51;

FIG. 52A is a left-end elevation view of the jumper assembly shown inFIG. 51;

FIG. 52B is a right-end elevation view of the jumper assembly shown onFIG. 51;

FIG. 53 is an underside view of the jumper assembly shown on FIG. 51;

FIG. 54 is a rear, elevation view of the jumper assembly shown on FIG.51;

FIG. 55 is a planned view of a further embodiment of a two-way jumperassembly in accordance with the invention, showing the use of wire meshfor purposes of interconnecting the pair of opposing female endconnector blocks;

FIG. 56 is a front, elevation view of the jumper assembly shown in FIG.55;

FIG. 57 is a left-end, elevation view of the jumper assembly shown inFIG. 55;

FIG. 58 is a right-end, elevation view of the jumper assembly shown inFIG. 55;

FIG. 59 is an underside view of the jumper assembly shown in FIG. 55;

FIG. 60 is a rear, elevation view of the jumper assembly shown in FIG.55;

FIG. 61 is a planned view of a two-way jumper assembly in accordancewith the invention, showing the jumper assembly with a female endconnector block and a male end connector block;

FIG. 62 is a front, elevation view of the jumper assembly shown on FIG.61;

FIG. 63 is a left-end, elevation view of the jumper assembly shown onFIG. 61;

FIG. 64 is a right-end, elevation view of the jumper assembly shown onFIG. 61;

FIG. 65 is an underside view of the jumper assembly shown on FIG. 61;

FIG. 66 is a rear, elevation view of the jumper assembly shown on FIG.61;

FIG. 67 is a perspective view of the jumper assembly shown on FIG. 45;

FIG. 68 is a perspective view of the jumper assembly shown on FIG. 51;

FIG. 69 is a perspective view of the jumper assembly shown on FIG. 61;

FIG. 70 is an exploded view of the jumper assembly shown on FIG. 45;

FIG. 71 is a perspective view of the jumper assembly shown on FIG. 61;

FIG. 72 is a sectional view showing an initial position for connectionfemale and connector block of the jumper assembly shown on FIG. 45 to amale blade connector block assembly;

FIG. 73 is similar to FIG. 72, but shows the final position of theelement shown in FIG. 72 when they are electrically and mechanicallyconnected together;

FIG. 74 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 72 and showing the portionof the elements which will be illustrated in FIG. 76;

FIG. 75 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 73 and showing the locationof the enlarged view of FIG. 77;

FIG. 76 is an enlarged view of a portion of the element shown in FIG.72, as the elements are moved into position for electrical connection;

FIG. 77 is a view corresponding to the circled portion of FIG. 75,showing the final positioning of the elements shown in FIG. 75 and anelectrical and mechanical connection;

FIG. 78 is a view similar to FIG. 74, but showing the relative positionof FIG. 80;

FIG. 79 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 75, but showing the relativeposition of FIG. 81;

FIG. 80 is an enlarged, sectional view similar to FIG. 76, but showingadditional components of the elements being connected together;

FIG. 81 is a sectional, enlarged view similar to FIG. 77, but showingthe final positioning of the connection of elements shown in FIG. 80;

FIG. 82 is a plan view of a two way male connector in accordance withthe invention;

FIG. 83 is a front, elevation view of the two way connector shown inFIG. 82;

FIG. 84 is a left-side end view of the two way connector shown in FIG.82;

FIG. 85 is a right-end, elevation view of the two way connector shown inFIG. 82;

FIG. 86 is an underside view of the two way male connector shown in FIG.82;

FIG. 87 is a rear, elevation view of the two way male connector shown inFIG. 82;

FIG. 88 is a perspective and exploded view of the two way male connectorshown in FIG. 82;

FIG. 89 is a perspective view of the two way male connector shown inFIG. 82, in a fully assembled state;

FIG. 90 is a plan view of a four way male connector in accordance withthe invention;

FIG. 91 is a front, elevation view of the four way male connector shownin FIG. 90;

FIG. 92 is a left-end, elevation view of the four way male connectorshown in FIG. 90;

FIG. 93 is a right-end, elevation view of the four way male connectorshown in FIG. 90;

FIG. 94 is an underside view of the four way male connector shown inFIG. 90;

FIG. 95 is a rear, elevation view of the four way male connector shownin FIG. 90;

FIG. 96 is a perspective view of an H-shaped terminal set which may beutilized with the four way male connector shown in FIG. 90;

FIG. 97 is a front, elevation view of the terminal set shown in FIG. 96;

FIG. 98 is a plan view of the terminal set shown in FIG. 96;

FIG. 99 is a right-end view of the terminal set shown in FIG. 96;

FIG. 100 is a perspective and exploded view of the four way maleconnector shown in FIG. 90;

FIG. 101 is a perspective view of the four way male connector shown inFIG. 90, in a fully assembled state;

FIG. 102 is a plan view of a three way jumper assembly in accordancewith the invention;

FIG. 103 is a front, elevation view of the three way jumper assemblyshown in FIG. 102;

FIG. 103A is a left-end, elevation view of one end of the three wayjumper assembly shown in FIG. 102;

FIG. 103B is a right-end, elevation view of the three way jumperassembly shown in FIG. 103;

FIG. 103C is an end, elevation view of the male connector block of thethree way jumper assembly shown in FIG. 102;

FIG. 104 is an underside view of the three way jumper assembly shown inFIG. 102;

FIG. 105 is a rear, elevation view of the three way jumper assemblyshown in FIG. 102;

FIG. 106 is a plan view of a further embodiment of a three way jumperassembly in accordance with the invention, showing the connector cablewith a wire mesh configuration;

FIG. 107 is a front, elevation view of the three way jumper assemblyshown in FIG. 106;

FIG. 107A is a left-end, elevation view of one of the end connectorblocks of the three way jumper assembly shown in FIG. 106;

FIG. 107B is a right-end, elevation view of the three way jumperassembly shown in FIG. 106;

FIG. 107C is an end view of the male connector block of the three wayjumper assembly shown in FIG. 106;

FIG. 108 is an underside view of the three way jumper assembly shown inFIG. 106;

FIG. 109 is a rear, elevation view of the three way jumper assemblyshown in FIG. 106;

FIG. 110 is a perspective view of the three way jumper assembly shown inFIG. 102;

FIG. 111 is a perspective view of the three way jumper assembly shown inFIG. 106;

FIG. 112 is a reverse perspective view of the three way jumper assemblyshown in FIG. 102;

FIG. 113 is a partial, sectional view showing the internal components ofthe male/female end connector block of the three way jumpers shown inFIG. 102;

FIG. 114 is a sectional view of the four wire female end connector blockof the three way jumper assembly shown in FIG. 102;

FIG. 115 is a perspective and partially exploded view showing therelative positioning of the three way jumper assembly shown in FIG. 102and one of the two way jumper assemblies, with one of the female endconnector blocks of the two way jumper assembly being positioned so asto electrically interconnect to the male connector block of the threeway jumper assembly;

FIG. 116 is a perspective view similar to FIG. 115, but showing the twoway female jumper assembly connected to the three way jumper assembly;

FIG. 117 is a perspective and partially exploded view of the wire meshthree way jumper assembly shown in FIG. 106, and further showinginternal components of the male/female end connector block and thefemale end connector block of the three way jumper assembly;

FIG. 118 is a plan view of a power end connector which may be utilizedwith the modular electrical system in accordance with the invention;

FIG. 119 is a front, elevation view of the power end connector shown inFIG. 118;

FIG. 120 is a left-end, elevation view of the power end connector shownin FIG. 118;

FIG. 121 is a right-end, elevation view of the power end connector shownin FIG. 118;

FIG. 122 is an underside view of the power end connector shown in FIG.118;

FIG. 123 is a rear, elevation view of the power end connector shown inFIG. 118;

FIG. 124 is a perspective, partially exploded and partially diagrammaticview showing different positions of the power end connector as it may beinserted into a raceway for the modular electrical system;

FIG. 125 is a perspective view of the power end connector shown in FIG.118, and showing the incoming power cable in a first position relativeto the end connector;

FIG. 126 is a perspective view similar to FIG. 125, but showing thepower cable in a position rotated 90° relative to the position shown inFIG. 125;

FIG. 127 is a perspective view similar to FIG. 125, but showing thepower cable rotates 180° relative to the position of the cable shown inFIG. 125;

FIG. 128 is a perspective view showing one position of the power endconnector as it is positioned within a raceway for the modularelectrical system;

FIG. 129 shows what may be characterized as a final, stationary positionof the power end connector shown in FIG. 118, with a cover beinginitially connected to the end connector;

FIG. 130 is a perspective view showing an alternative embodiment of amodular electrical system in accordance with the invention, as the samemay be positioned on the top of a work surface;

FIG. 131 is a perspective view showing connections among a receptaclejunction block, a female two way connector, a male four way connectorand a pair of two way female jumper assemblies;

FIG. 132 is a perspective view similar to FIG. 131, but showing theinterconnection of a receptacle junction block, three way jumperassembly and a two way female jumper assembly;

FIG. 133 is similar to FIG. 131, but shows the interconnection of areceptacle junction block, two way connector, second receptacle junctionblock and a two way female jumper assembly;

FIG. 134 is a perspective view similar to FIG. 131, but showing theinterconnection of a two way female jumper assembly, four way connectorand an additional pair of two way female jumper assemblies;

FIG. 135 is a perspective view substantially corresponding to theinterconnection arrangement shown in FIG. 133, but showing connectorblocks in a partially cut out configuration;

FIG. 136 is an enlarged, perspective view of an end male connector of amale receptacle junction block;

FIG. 137 is a perspective and enlarged view showing a cut out portion ofone of the female end connector blocks of the female two way connectorillustrated in FIG. 135;

FIG. 138 is a front, elevation view of a receptacle junction block inaccordance with the invention;

FIG. 138A is a left-end, elevation view of the receptacle junction blockshown in FIG. 138, and showing a first keying arrangement;

FIG. 139 is a front, elevation view of a further receptacle junctionblock in accordance with the invention;

FIG. 140 is a left-end, elevation view showing somewhat of analternative keying arrangement;

FIG. 141 is a front, elevation view of another embodiment of areceptacle junction block in accordance with the invention;

FIG. 142 is a left-end, elevation view of the receptacle junction blockshown in FIG. 141, and illustrating the concept that the receptaclejunction block shown in FIG. 141 utilizes a five wire system, instead ofa four wire system;

FIG. 143 is a partially exploded and perspective view showing areceptacle junction block in accordance with the invention, and furthershowing a jumper assembly having a female end connector block and anopen end through which the four wires of the jumper assembly extend, forvarious types of alternative connection arrangements;

FIG. 144 is a perspective view similar to FIG. 143, but showing the twoway jumper assembly connected to the receptacle junction block;

FIG. 145 is a partially exploded and perspective view of the jumperassembly shown in FIG. 143, and showing the internal components of thefemale end connector block;

FIG. 146 is a perspective view of the jumper assembly shown in FIG. 145,in a fully assembled state;

FIG. 147 is a sectional view showing the coupling of a receptaclejunction block and a female end connector block, with the electricalcomponents having a five wire configuration instead of a two wireconfiguration;

FIG. 148 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 147, but showing therespective components in an intermediate state during electricalinterconnection;

FIG. 149 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 147, but showing an initialposition for initiating electrical interconnection between therespective components;

FIG. 150 is a plan view of the jumper assembly illustrated in FIG. 143;

FIG. 151 is a front, elevation view of the jumper assembly shown in FIG.150;

FIG. 151A is a left-end, elevation view of the jumper assembly shown inFIG. 150;

FIG. 152 is an underside view of the jumper assembly shown in FIG. 150;

FIG. 153 is a rear, elevation view of the jumper assembly shown in FIG.150;

FIG. 154 is a right-end, elevation view of a two way female jumperassembly, showing a particular keying arrangement for the femaleterminals;

FIG. 154A is a front, elevation view of the jumper assembly shown inFIG. 154;

FIG. 155 is a right-end view of an alternative configuration of a twoway female jumper assembly in accordance with the invention, showing aparticular keying arrangement;

FIG. 155A is a front, elevation view of the jumper assembly shown inFIG. 155;

FIG. 156 is a right-end, elevation view of a two way female jumperassembly in accordance with the invention, showing a particular keyingconfiguration and further showing a five wire system;

FIG. 156A is a front, elevation view of the five wire female jumperassembly shown in FIG. 156;

FIG. 157 is a plan view of an integral junction block assembly inaccordance with the invention;

FIG. 158 is a front, elevation view of the integral receptacle junctionblock assembly illustrated in FIG. 157;

FIG. 159 is a left-side elevation view of the integral receptaclejunction block assembly shown in FIG. 157;

FIG. 160 is a right-side elevation view of the integral receptaclejunction block assembly shown in FIG. 157;

FIG. 161 is an underside view of the integral receptacle junction blockassembly shown in FIG. 157;

FIG. 162 is an elevation view of the receptacle junction block assemblyshown in FIG. 157, with FIG. 162 showing the side of the junction blockassembly opposing the side shown in FIG. 158;

FIG. 163 is a left-side front perspective view of the integralreceptacle junction block assembly shown in FIG. 157;

FIG. 164 is a right-side rear perspective view of the rear portion ofthe integral receptacle junction box assembly shown in FIG. 157;

FIG. 165 is an exploded view of the integral receptacle junction blockassembly shown in FIG. 157, and illustrating a front central housing,back central housing and a central housing which supports a series ofbuss bars;

FIG. 166 is a partially exploded view of the integral receptaclejunction block assembly shown in FIG. 157, and further showing the bussbars inserted into the junction block housing;

FIG. 167 is a partially schematic and partial block diagram illustratingthe electrical connections between the wires and buss bars associatedwith the integral receptacle junction block assembly, and specificallyshowing connections which form two separate circuits using commonneutral and ground wires, with separate hot wires;

FIG. 168 is an exploded view of a buss bar assembly having an elongatedbuss bar, with first and second ground terminals, with one of the groundterminals being connected to the ground terminals of the outletreceptacles position on one side of the junction block assembly, and theother ground connector being connected to the ground terminalsassociated with the outlet receptacles on the opposing side of thejunction block assembly;

FIG. 169 is a partially exploded view similar to FIG. 168, but showingone of the ground connectors being connected to the elongated buss bar;and

FIG. 170 is a perspective view of the fully assembled buss bar andground connectors as illustrated in FIGS. 168 and 169, with both groundconnectors being conductively connected to the elongated buss bar.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The principles of the invention are disclosed, by way of example, withinmodular electrical systems which provide for various configurations ofreceptacle configurations and the capability of providing four wirecircuitry, for purposes of facilitating use within environments havingrelatively narrow raceway systems. These inventive principles will bedescribed with respect to systems illustrated in FIGS. 1-156A. First,some general concepts associated with modular electrical systems inaccordance with the invention will be described, and thereafter detaileddescriptions are included with respect to the individual types ofcomponents which may be utilized in systems in accordance with theinvention. Following this description, various types of configurationsof interconnection of electrical components in accordance with theinvention will be described.

To provide for one example background of where modular electricalsystems in accordance with the invention may be utilized, FIG. 1illustrates a fragmentary, perspective view of a series of adjacentmodular wall panels 100, 102 and 104 of a rearrangeable wall system 106.In this case, wall panels 100 and 102 are aligned with each other, andwall panel 104 is perpendicular to panels 100, 102. Each of the wallpanels includes a raceway area 108 formed along the lower edges of thewall panels 100, 102 and 104. For purposes of description, racewaycovers, which would be customarily used, have been omitted from thedrawing in FIG. 1 so as to better show the electrical components. Theelectrical components which are shown in FIG. 1 within the raceways 108can be characterized in their entirety as a modular electrical system110 in accordance with the invention. It should be understoodimmediately that electrical systems in accordance with the invention donot consist of only a single specific configuration of electricalcomponents. Instead, part of the invention resides in the capability offorming a substantial number of electrical component configurations in arelatively easy manner, for purposes of providing desired powerdistribution. Again for purposes of description, the modular electricalsystem 110 shown in FIG. 1 is illustrated as including a first componentset 112 within the raceway 108 of wall panel 100, and second componentset 114 within the raceway 108 of wall panel 102 and a third componentset 116 within the raceway 108 of wall panel 104. These electricalcomponent sets 112, 114 and 116 are utilized for purposes ofdistributing power for facilitating use of power throughout theenvironment comprising the rearrangeable wall system 106. In thisparticular case, FIG. 1 illustrates incoming power as being receivedonly through a single power cable, namely, incoming power cable 118.Incoming power cable 118 may be connected to a source of suitableelectrical power for purposes of energizing various types of applicationdevices which may be connected to the electrical system 110.

In part, the modular electrical system 110 in accordance with theinvention may be particularly suitable for use in a four wire electricalsystem. A four wire system may be suitable for providing electricalpower where no more than two separate circuits may be required. Inparticular, certain concepts of the modular electrical system 100 inaccordance with the invention are specifically directed to physical andelectrical configurations which facilitate the use of the electricalsystem 100 raceways 108 which may be relatively narrow or otherwiserelatively small. In such an instance, electrical components designedfor use with 8, 10 or even 14 wires may be substantially too bulky foruse within raceways 108. Also, such systems are inherently moreexpensive and essentially comprise a waste of money and materials if twocircuits (using a common neutral and a common ground) may be sufficientfor needs of the users. In such a four wire system, the four wireconfiguration typically would consist of two hot wires, a neutral wireand a ground wire. Electrical connections may be made to one of the twohot wires, depending upon which particular circuit would be used.

Returning again to FIG. 1, the incoming power cable 118 is utilized tosupply incoming power through the four wire set 120 partially shown inFIG. 1. Although omitted from FIG. 1, the four wire set 120 would beconnected to a source of appropriate incoming electrical power, with thepower being provided on a four wire basis. As further shown in FIG. 1,the incoming power cable 118 is connected into the first component set112. For purposes of efficiency in the description, the individualelectrical components of the component set 112 will not be described atthis point in the disclosure. Instead, these components will be madeapparent from description in subsequent paragraphs herein with respectto the individual components and the means for interconnectiontherebetween. At this time, it may be stated that the power from theincoming power cable 118 is distributed as necessary within the firstcomponent set 112. Through connecting cables 122 (which will again bedescribed in greater detail in subsequent paragraphs herein), the powercoming from the incoming power cable 118 and the first component set 112is distributed to the second components set 114 in the wall panel 102and the third component set 116 in the wall panel 104. Again, as will bedescribed in subsequent paragraphs herein, each of the connecting cables122 may be in the form of a two way female jumper assembly.

Example embodiments of separate components which may be utilized withthe modular electrical system 110 (or other electrical systems inaccordance with the invention) will now be described. As will beapparent from the description and the illustrations of the drawings, thesystems 100 which utilize four wire configurations are advantageous inview of their smaller size. Such systems are capable of fitting intonarrower wall panels, and also with desk systems having relatively smallraceways. Still further, as will also be apparent from subsequentdescription herein, certain components of the electrical systems inaccordance with the invention utilize a “one piece” junction block andreceptacle. That is, in the field, it is unnecessary to separately andphysically connect a receptacle block to a junction block. Accordingly,fewer parts are required for installation of electrical systems withinpanel or desk assemblies.

In this regard, and particularly with respect to the use of a four wireconfiguration, the four wires will still provide for the use of twoseparate circuits. Still further, and again in accordance withsubsequent description, the configurations of electrical systems inaccordance with the invention facilitate assembly and installation, withwhat could be characterized as positive latching mechanisms. Inaddition, for facilitating installation, and ensuring properinstallation, male and female connectors utilized within the electricalsystems in accordance with the invention may be keyed for purposes ofcorrect polarization and circuitry. Still further, the keyingconfigurations can be changed for different circuitry.

Turning again to the drawings, the first electrical component inaccordance with the invention which will be described herein ischaracterized as a four wire receptacle junction block 130, including akeying configuration. The receptacle junction block 130 is illustratedin particular in FIGS. 2-15. For purposes of reducing the volume ofdescription, the four wire receptacle junction block 130 with keyingwill be described herein as the “receptacle junction block 130.”However, it should be emphasized that without departing from the spiritand scope of certain concepts of the invention, the junction block 130and other electrical components of modular electrical systems inaccordance with the invention may utilize other numbers of wires, suchas five, eight, fourteen and the like. Also, when describing thereceptacle junction block 130 and its interconnections to othercomponents of the electrical system 110, it will be assumed that theconnector sets (subsequently described herein) at opposing ends of thereceptacle junction block 130 will consist of male blade terminals, andmay be referred to herein as male connector sets or male connectorblocks. However, it should again be emphasized that without departingfrom a number of concepts of the invention, the receptacle junctionblocks 130 could be developed and assembled with female connector setsat opposing ends of the block 130. In fact, with all electricalcomponents of the systems described herein in accordance with theinvention, it should be remembered that female connector sets may besubstituted for male connector sets, and vice versa. Also, and asearlier stated, a number of concepts of the invention are not limited tothe use of four wires and/or two separate circuits. Instead, theconnector configurations initially described herein, with respect to theuse of four wire configurations, essentially comprise what the inventorbelieves may be preferred embodiments for electrical systems inaccordance with the invention.

Turning again to FIGS. 2-15, the primary purpose of the four wirereceptacle junction block 130 is to provide a means for supplying powerto one or more electrical outlet receptacles which are formed asintegral components of the receptacle junction block 130. The receptaclejunction block 130 also provides a means for supplying power to theelectrical outlet receptacles through one of two selective circuits(assuming four wire circuitry). In addition, the receptacle junctionblock 130 provides a means for passing incoming power past theintegrally coupled electrical outlet receptacles and facilitatingdistribution of the power to other components of the modular electricalsystem.

FIG. 2 illustrates a perspective view of the receptacle junction block130 in accordance with the invention. The receptacle junction block 130includes opposing male end connectors with an integrally molded duplexreceptacle. The junction block 130 is adapted to utilize four wires,thereby providing two separate circuits with a common neutral and acommon ground. With reference first to fix 2-5, the receptacle junctionblock 130 includes a central housing 132 having like somewhat of abox-like configuration. Integrally molded to opposing ends of thecentral housing 132 are a pair of male end connector sets 134. Theconnector sets 134, as show in FIG. 2, comprise a first male endconnector set 136 and a second opposing male end connector set 138. Asdescribed herein, each of the male end connector sets includesconnectors housing for male blade terminals. Extending outwardly fromone side of the central housing 132 and integrally molded therewith is aduplex receptacle set 140. The receptacle set 140 includes a pair ofelectrical outlet receptacles 142. Each of the outlet receptacles 142 isadapted for use with a grounded circuit, and includes three outlets.Specifically, each outlet receptacle 142 includes a hot terminal outlet144, neutral terminal outlet 146 and ground terminal outlet 148, theoutlets being conventional in nature.

As shown particularly in FIGS. 2 and 4, the first male end connector set136 includes a series of four male blade terminals 150 extending intothe male end connector set 136. These same male blade terminals 150 willalso appear extending through the second opposing male end connector set138. As particularly shown in FIG. 4, the first male end connector set136 includes a keyed connector 152 located at the top of individualconnectors 151. Although not shown on the drawings, a correspondingkeyed connector 152 will also exist within a set of connectors 151associated with the second opposing male end connector set 138. Thekeyed connectors 152, in accordance with the invention, provide for ameans for ensuring proper polarization and circuitry connection amongindividual components of the modular electrical system 110 in accordancewith the invention.

With further reference to FIGS. 2 and 4, the first male end connectorset 136 includes a pair of tab slots 154 located at the top and bottomportions of the end of the connector set 136. The tab slots 154 comprisea first tab slot 156 and a second tab slot 158. As will be described insubsequent paragraphs herein, the tab slots 156, 158 are utilized tomechanically and releasably secure the receptacle junction block 132other electrical components of the modular electrical system 110.Similar tab slots 154, although not shown in the drawings, will alsoexist on the second opposing male end connector set 138.

As previously described herein, the four-wire receptacle junction block130 includes a keyed connector 152 shown at the top of the connectors151 in FIG. 4. A receptacle junction block substantially similar to thereceptacle junction block 130, but having a difference keyingarrangement is illustrated in FIGS. 6-9 as the four-wire receptaclejunction block 160. With reference to these drawings, the four-wirereceptacle junction block 160, like the receptacle junction block 130,includes a central housing 132 and duplex receptacle set 140. The duplexreceptacle set 140 includes a pair of electrical outlet receptacles 142,each having a hot terminal outlet 144, neutral terminal outlet 146 andground terminal outlet 148. The receptacle junction block 160 alsoincludes male end connector sets 162, substantially corresponding to themale end connector sets 134 of junction block 130. The connector sets162 include a first male end connector set 164 primarily shown in FIG.8, and a second opposing male end connector set 166. With reference tothe first male end connector set 162, the connector set 162 includes aseries of four connectors 151, each adaptor to receive one of a set ofmale blade terminals 150. As further shown in FIG. 8, the connector 151which is second from the top of the connectors 151 shown in FIG. 8 is akeyed connector identified as keyed connector 168. Accordingly, thekeyed connector 168 in FIG. 8 for junction block 160 is in a differentposition than the keyed connector 152 of the junction block shown inFIG. 4. Also similar to the receptacle junction block 130, thereceptacle junction block 160 includes a pair of tab slots 154 locatedon the first male end connector set 164 and a corresponding set of tabslots 154 (not shown) on the second opposing male end connector set 166.Each pair of tab slots 154 includes a first tab slot 156 and a secondtab slot 158.

A still further embodiment of a four-wire receptacle junction block inaccordance with the invention is illustrated as receptacle junctionblock 170 in FIGS. 10-13. The receptacle junction block 170 issubstantially similar to receptacle junction blocks 130 and 160, butwith an alternative keying arrangement. With reference to FIGS. 9-13,the four-wire receptacle junction block 170, as with the receptaclejunction block 130, includes a central housing 132 and a duplexreceptacle set 140. The duplex receptacle set 140 includes a pair ofelectrical outlet receptacles 142, with each receptacle 142 including ahot terminal outlet 144, neutral terminal outlet 146 and ground terminaloutlet 148. The receptacle junction block 170 includes a pair ofopposing male end connector sets 172, with the connector sets 172comprising a first male end connector set 174 (primarily shown in FIG.12) and a second, opposing male end connector set 176. As withreceptacle junction blocks 130, 160, the receptacle junction block 170includes, with each male end connector set, a set of connectors 151through which a set of four male blade terminals 150 are received.Correspondingly, each of the connector sets 174, 176 includes a pair oftab slots 154 comprising a first tab slot 156 and a second tab slot 158.In a manner somewhat different from the receptacle junction blocks 130,160, the receptacle junction block 170 includes a pair of keyedconnectors from the set of four connectors 151. Specifically, as shownin FIG. 12, the key connectors include a first keyed connector 178 atthe top of the connector set 174 and a second keyed connector 180located as the third from the top connector 151 of the first male endconnector set 174.

The concept of utilizing various alternative configurations of keyconnectors can be substantially advantageous for a number of reasons.First, as will be described in subsequent paragraphs herein, thereceptacle junction blocks in accordance with certain aspects of theinvention can be initially assembled so as to be adapted for use with afirst one of the two circuits provided by the four-wire circuitconfiguration or, alternatively, a second one of the two separatecircuits provided by the four-wire configuration. If desired, amanufacturer may utilize a particular keying arrangement ascorresponding to a specific selected circuit configuration. For example,the keyed connector set 136 shown in FIG. 4 for the receptacle junctionblock 130 may be used solely for situations where it is desired toutilize the first circuit of the two available circuit configurationsresulting from the four-wire configuration. Correspondingly, thealternative keying arrangement provided by the male end connector sets172 shown in FIG. 12 for the four-wire receptacle junction block 170 maybe solely utilized only when it is desired to select the secondavailable circuit from the four-wire configuration. Still further, thekeyed configurations also provide for safety features. That is, with theuse of corresponding keyed connector configurations on other electricalcomponents of the modular electrical systems in accordance with theinvention as described in subsequent paragraphs herein, properpolarization and proper circuit connections can be ensured. That is,with the keyed configurations, it would not be possible to accidentallyconnect a receptacle junction block in a “reverse” configurationrelative to other electrical components of the modular electricalsystem, in a manner such that the male blade terminals 150 associatedwith the hot, neutral and ground incoming power wires are notmis-connected. Of course, it will be apparent to those skilled in theart that various other types of keying configurations for the connectorscan be utilized, without departing from the novel concepts of theinvention.

FIG. 14 is a perspective and partially exploded view showing an initialposition for electrically and physically connecting a four-wire andtwo-way female jumper cable connector block 190 to the receptaclejunction block 130. The connector block 190 will be described in greaterdetail in subsequent paragraphs herein. At this time, it is sufficientto describe the connector block 190 as including a housing 192comprising a front housing cover 194 and rear housing cover 196. A cable198 extends outwardly from the connector block 190, and may include aset of four wires (not shown) carrying the two separate circuits. Aswill be described in subsequent paragraphs herein, the four wires (notshown) within the cable 198 can be connected within the connector block190 to a set of four female terminals 200. Each of the female terminals200 is individually received within an individual connector 202. Four ofthe connectors 202 form a female end connector set 204. As shown in FIG.14, the connectors 202 of the female end connector set 204 include akeyed connector 206 located as shown in FIG. 14. The keyed connector 206is also even better shown with respect to its relative position in FIG.15. When the cable assembly connector block 190 is brought into closeproximity with the receptacle junction block 130, it is apparent fromFIGS. 14 and 15 that the keyed connector 206, which matches the keyingof the keyed connector 150, will mate with the keyed connector 150 sothat the male blade terminal 151 within the keyed connector 150 willbecome electrically connected to the female terminal 200 within thekeyed connector 206. The other connectors 151 of the receptacle junctionblock 190 will mate with the corresponding other three connectors 202 ofthe connector block 190. In this manner, an appropriate electricalcircuit connection can be made.

For purposes of physically and releasably securing the connector block190 to the receptacle junction block 130, the connector block 190includes a pair of resilient connector tabs 208, shown in both FIGS. 14and 15. The resilient connector tabs 208 include a first connector tab210 and a second connector tab 212. Each of the resilient connector tabs208 can be made of a rubber-like material so as to be resilient innature. As shown particularly in FIG. 15, each of the connector tabs 208includes a ramped surface 214 located at ends of the tabs 208. It isrelatively apparent from FIGS. 14 and 15, the first resilient connectortab 210 is adapted to be received within the first tab slot 156 of thefirst male end connector set 136 of the receptacle junction block 130.Correspondingly, the second resilient connector tab 212 is adapted to bereceived within the second tab slot 158 of the receptacle junction block130. The resilient tabs 208 are adapted to essentially be “snap fitted”into the tab slots 154. A more detailed description of this physicalinterconnection using the connector tabs 208 and tab slots 154 will bedescribed in subsequent paragraphs herein. Also, the 208, four-wirefemale jumper cable assembly connector block 190 will be described ingreater detail in subsequent paragraphs herein. FIGS. 14 and 15 havebeen included within the disclosure and described herein primarily forproviding an initial understanding of the electrical and physicalinterconnection of the receptacle junction blocks to cable assemblyconnector blocks in accordance with the invention.

The prior description and the previously described drawings refer to thetwo-way, four-wire female jumper cable assembly connector block 190. Asalso previously described herein, the connector block 190 includes thecapability of providing for a keying configuration with respect to itsconnectors. The junction block 190 and certain alternative embodiments(with respect to the keying arrangements) will now be described withrespect to FIGS. 16-29. More specifically, the cable assembly connectorblock 190 previously briefly described herein is shown in greater detailin FIGS. 16-19. Although shown in greater detail, each of the elementsof the connector block 190 were previously described herein with respectto FIGS. 14 and 15. That is, the connector block 190 includes a housing192, comprising a front housing cover 194 and rear housing cover 196.The connector block 190 is connected in any suitable manner to a cable198. The cable 198 includes a series of four wires (not shown) whichextend through the cable 198 and into the connector block 190. The fourwires (not shown) are each individually connected to a separate one offour female terminals 200. The female terminals 200 extend intocorresponding and individual connectors 202. The four connectors 202form a female end connector set 204. As shown particularly in FIGS. 17,18 and 19, one of the connectors 202 of the connector set 204 is in theform of a keyed connector 206. In the particular embodiment of connectorblock 190, the keyed connector 206 is at the top of the female endconnector set 204 as viewed in FIG. 19.

As also previously described herein, the connector block 190 includes apair of resilient connector tabs 208. The resilient connector tabs 208comprise a first connector tab 210 and a second connector tab 212. Thecapability of using the resilient connector tabs 208 to releasablysecure the connector block 190 to a receptacle junction block waspreviously described herein with respect to FIGS. 14 and 5.

An alternative embodiment of a two-way, four-wire female jumper cableassembly connector block is illustrated in FIGS. 20-23 as assemblyconnector block 214. The assembly connector block 214 is substantiallyidentical to the assembly connector block 190 previously describedherein with respect to FIGS. 16-19. However, instead of having a keyedconnector 206 located at the top of the female end connector set 204,the assembly connector block 214 has a keyed connector 216 as one of theconnectors 202 of the female end connector set 204. As particularlyshown in FIGS. 21, 22 and 23, the keyed connector 216 is locatedimmediately below and adjacent the upper connector 202 of the female endconnector set 204.

Except for the use of the keyed connector 216 in place of the keyedconnector 206, elements of connector block 214 correspond to elements ofconnector block 190. That is, the connector block 214 includes a housing192 with a front housing cover 194 and rear housing cover 196. A cable198 extends into the connector block 214 and connects to a series offemale terminals 200. The female terminals 200 extend outwardly into theconnectors 202 which form the female end connector set 204. Alsoidentical to the connector block 290, the connector block 214 includes apair of resilient connector tabs 208, comprising a first connector tab210 and a second connector tab 212.

As previously described herein, the connector block 190 includes a keyedconnector 206 which was positioned and adapted to appropriately matewith the receptacle junction block 130 having a corresponding keyedconnector 152. In a similar manner, the connector block 214, as apparentfrom the prior description, will appropriately mate with a receptaclejunction block having a keyed connector sized and position so as to matewith the keyed connection 216 of the connector block 214.

A third alternative embodiment of a connector block in accordance withthe invention is illustrated in FIGS. 24-27 and identified as two-way,four-wire female jumper cable assembly connector block 218. As with thepreviously described connector block 214, the connector block 218 issubstantially identical to the connector block 190 described in FIGS.16-16. However, in stead of only including a single keyed connector 206(as with the connector block 190), the connector block 218 includes apair of keyed connectors. Specifically, the connector set 204 includes afirst keyed connector 220 shown in FIG. 27 as located at the top of thefour connectors 202 of the connector set 204. In addition, instead ofhaving only a single keyed connector, the connector block 218 alsoinclude a second keyed connector 222. As illustrated primarily in FIG.27, the second keyed connector 222 is located adjacent the lower mostconnector 202 in the female end connector set 204. Accordingly, theconnector block 214 is adapted to mate with a receptacle junction block(or other elements of the modular electrical system which will bedescribed in subsequent paragraphs herein) having a corresponding pairof mating keyed connectors.

With the exception of the paired keyed connectors 220 and 222, and asearlier mentioned, the connector block 218 is substantially identical tothe connector blocks 190 and 214. More specifically, and with referenceto FIGS. 24-27, the connector block 218 includes a housing 192 having afront housing cover 194 and rear housing cover 196. A cable 198 havingfour wires (not shown) is connection in any suitable manner to theconnector block 218. The four wires (not shown) extend into and areconnected to individual ones of a set of female terminals 200. Thefemale terminals 200 are received within individual ones of connectors202 forming a female end connector set 204. As also identical to theconnector block 190 and the connector block 214, the connector block 218includes a pair of resilient connector tabs 208, comprising a firstconnector tab 210 and a second connector tab 212. The connector tabs 208are utilized to releasably secure the connector block 214 to anappropriate receptacle junction block or other electrical element of themodular electrical system.

FIG. 28 illustrates an initial position for connection of the assemblyconnector block 214 to a receptacle junction block 130A. Theillustration of FIG. 28 is substantially identically to the illustrationof FIG. 14. However, instead of using the connector block 190 andreceptacle junction block 130, FIG. 28 illustrates an initial positionfor connecting connector block 214 and receptacle block 130A. Thereceptacle junction block 130A is substantially identical to thepreviously described receptacle junction block 130, with one exception.Instead of including a keyed connector 152 as shown in FIG. 14, thereceptacle junction block 130A includes a keyed connector 224 which ispositioned differently from the keyed connector 152 and is furtherpositioned so as to appropriately mate with the keyed connector 216 ofthe connector block 214. In a similar manner, FIG. 29 consists of adrawing substantially identical to FIG. 14. That is, FIG. 29 is acombination illustration showing end and front elevation views of theconnector block 214 and the receptacle junction block 130A shown in FIG.28. In this particular instance, FIG. 29 clearly shows the relativepositioning of the keyed connector 216 of the connector block 214 andthe keyed connector 224 of the receptacle junction block 130A.

In the prior description, certain electrical components which may beassociated with the modular electrical system 110 illustrated in FIG. 1have been described. These components have included four-wire receptaclejunction blocks, including receptacle junction blocks 130, 160 and 170.In addition, two-way, four-wire female jumper cable assembly connectorblocks have also been described, including connector blocks 190, 214 and218. The following paragraphs will describe certain of the receptaclejunction blocks and connector blocks in greater detail, and will alsodescribe other electrical components of modular electrical systems inaccordance with the invention. All of the components described hereinmay be utilized in the modular electrical system 110 previously shownwith the rearrangeable wall system 106 in FIG. 1. As an exampleembodiment of a set of electrical components which may be utilized toform a modular electrical system in accordance with the invention, FIGS.30A-30D illustrate, in combination, various electrical elements whichare described as forming a modular electrical system component set 230.For purposes of brevity in description, the connector set 230 will bedescribed herein as either the “connector set 230” or the “modularelectrical system 230.” In any event, the modular electrical system 230will be described herein primarily with respect to use as a four-wireelectrical system, providing for two separate circuits with a commonneutral and a common ground. Also, for purposes of describing a specificembodiment in detail, the individual components of the modularelectrical system 230 will be described as having specific connectorblocks or end connectors which utilize either male blade terminals orfemale terminals. However, it should be emphasized that othermale/female terminal arrangements may be utilized, without departingfrom the principal of the invention. Also, a number of the principalconcepts of the invention may be utilized with systems other thanfour-wire systems, or other than with systems comprising two separateelectrical circuits.

The modular electrical system in accordance with the invention providesfor several advantages. First, as will be apparent from subsequentdescription herein, the electrical components of the component set 230are of relatively smaller size, particularly with respect to width.Accordingly, the components of the modular electrical system 230 willfit in relatively narrower panels and desk systems having relativelysmaller raceways. Also, as will be apparent from subsequent descriptionherein, the modular electrical system 230 can be employed in a“back-to-back configuration,” whereby electrical elements such as duplexreceptacles may be made to face an either of two opposing directions.Still further, the electrical components described herein as receptaclejunction blocks essentially comprise an integral combination of ajunction block and a duplex receptacle. Junction blocks and receptaclesin most known systems are formed as separate pieces. Accordingly,installation is facilitated in view of the relatively fewer partsrequired for panel and desk assemblies. In addition to the foregoing,although the particular module or electrical system 230 only includesfour wires, the four wires still provide the capability of having twocircuits. In addition, as will be apparent from description herein,assembly and installation is facilitated in view of having positive andreleasable latching mechanisms. Also, as is apparent from previousdescription herein, connectors having male and female terminals can bekeyed for correct polarization and circuitry. Also, if desired, thekeying can be modified so as represent particular electrical elementswhich are “set up” for specific circuit configurations.

Turning to FIGS. 30A-30D, the modular electrical system 230 is shown ashaving a number of electrical components. The electrical componentsinclude four-wire male receptacle junction blocks 130, which aredescribed in substantial part previously herein with respect to FIGS.2-5. In addition, the modular electrical system 230 includes a componentcharacterized as a two-way, four-wire female connector 232. The two-wayconnector 232 will be described in greater detail in subsequentparagraphs herein. However, it can be stated at this time that theconnector includes female terminals which are adapted to mate with maleblade terminals of receptacle junction blocks, so as to provide for adirect connection between a pair of male receptacle junction blocks, ifdesired. Such a configuration is shown in FIG. 30A.

In addition to the foregoing, the modular electrical system 230 includesa two-way, four-wire female jumper cable assembly 234 (FIG. 30B). Theparticular cable assembly 234 illustrated in FIG. 30 includes, at itsends, a pair of two-way, four-wire female jumper cable assemblyconnector blocks 190. One of the connector blocks 190 was previouslydescribed herein in substantial detail with respect to FIGS. 16-19.Still further, the modular electrical system 230 includes an additionalelectrical component characterized as a four-way, four-wire maleconnector 236 (FIG. 30C). As will described in greater detail herein,the four-way connector male connector 236 includes four connector setswith male blade terminals extending therethrough. Accordingly, and asshown in FIG. 30C, the four-way male connector 236 is adapted toelectrically mate with, for example, female terminals of a connectorblock 190 associate with a two-way female jumper cable assembly 234.

In addition to the foregoing, the modular electrical system 230 furtherincludes what can be characterized as a three-way, four-wire jumpercable assembly 238 (FIG. 30D). As will be described in subsequentparagraphs herein, the jumper cable assembly 238 includes a pair offemale end connector sets, along with a single male end connector set.The connector blocks and associated connector sets incorporated withinthe three-way jumper cable assembly 238 will be described in subsequentparagraphs herein. As illustrated in FIG. 30D, one of the female cableassembly connector blocks associated with the three-way jumper cableassembly 238 can be electrically connected to a male end connector setof a receptacle junction block 130.

The electrical components of the modular electrical system 230 inaccordance with the invention as shown in FIGS. 30A-30D represent onlyone embodiment of a component set 230 in accordance with the invention.However, as will be apparent from subsequent description herein, asubstantial number of electrical configurations can be provided by therelatively small number of electrical components associated with thecomponent set 230. It is this capability of having a reduction in thenumber of separate electrical components which forms a basis for certainconcepts of the invention. In this regard, receptacle junction blocksand two-way, four-wire female jumper cable assembly connector blockshave been described in substantial detail in previous paragraphs herein.The following paragraphs in this disclosure will describe additionaldetail with regard to the internal structure and components of thereceptacle junction blocks and the two-way jumper cable assemblyconnector blocks. Also, the following paragraphs will describe ingreater detail the following components: the two-way, four-wire femaleconnector 232; the two-way, four-wire female jumper cable assembly 234;the four-way, four-wire male connector 236; and the three-way, four-wirejumper cable assembly 238.

For purposes of describing the interior and internal components ofreceptacle junction blocks in accordance with the invention, thepreviously described four-wire male receptacle junction block 130 willbe utilized. The exterior elements of the receptacle junction block 130are illustrated in FIGS. 31-36. Certain of these illustrations areduplicates of previous illustrations and will not be described in anysubstantial detail at this time. For example, FIG. 31 substantiallycorresponds to FIG. 3, while FIG. 32 substantially corresponds to FIG.5. FIG. 4 substantially corresponds to FIG. 33. Further, FIG. 39,illustrating a perspective view of a fully-assembled receptacle junctionblock 130 substantially corresponds to FIG. 2, but is shown rotated180°. Accordingly, the male end connector set 134 which is visible inFIG. 39 corresponds to the second opposing male end connector set 138which is not readily visible in FIG. 2. In addition, the first male endconnector set 136 which is visible in FIG. 2, is not visible in FIG. 39.

The drawing set of FIGS. 31-36 also include a view illustrated as FIG.34, which corresponds to a right-end, elevation view of the receptaclejunction block 130. In this view, the details of the second opposingmale end connector set 138 are clearly visible. In addition, FIG. 36 isa rear, elevation view of the receptacle junction block 130. As shown inFIG. 36, the receptacle junction block 130 includes connection sections240 which may be utilized to the receptacle junction block 130 tostructural elements of a raceway, or to other elements of a modularelectrical system in accordance with the invention, so as to provide fora “back-to-back” configuration. As with the description andillustrations of the receptacle junction block 130 in prior drawings,FIGS. 31-36 and 39 show identical elements. For example, theseillustrations show the receptacle junction block 130 as having a centralhousing 132 with male end connector sets 134 comprising a first male endconnector set 136 and second opposing male end connector set 138. Aduplex receptacle set 140 is provided, with a pair of electrical outletreceptacles 142. Each outlet receptacle 142 includes a hot terminaloutlet 144, neutral terminal outlet 146 and ground terminal outlet 148.Each of the male end connector sets 134 includes a set of fourconnectors 151, with a key connector 152. Male blade terminals 150,comprising four in number, extend into the individual connectors 151 ofthe connector sets 134. The receptacle junction block 130 also includestab slots 154 comprising a first tab slot 156 and second tab slot 158.

As previously described herein, the receptacle junction block 130 canprovide for a four-wire configuration, so as to provide two separatecircuits with a common ground and a common neutral. The interiorconfiguration of the receptacle junction block 130 for serving thesepurposes will now be described with respect to FIGS. 37-41. Withreference first to FIG. 37, the receptacle junction block 130 is shownin an exploded view. Details regarding the exterior portions of thereceptacle junction block 130 will not be described at this time, sincesuch components have been described in previous paragraphs herein. Thereceptacle junction block 130 includes a central housing 132 which isshown in FIG. 37 as comprising a front central housing 242 and a backcentral housing 244. The central housings 242, 244 can be connected byany suitable means, such as through the use of the tabs 243 on the backcentral housing 244 and the tab slots 245 on the front central housing242. The tabs 243 are adapted to releasably engage the tab slots 245.

The receptacle junction block 130 includes a series of four buss bars246. As will described in greater detail herein, the specific physicalconfiguration of the buss bars 246 will differ, depending upon whetherthe receptacle junction block 130 is configured for use with the firstcircuit or, alternatively, the second circuit. For purposes ofdescription, the specific buss bar configuration illustrated in FIG. 37will be characterized as the buss bar configuration which provides forpower to be supplied to the electrical outlet receptacles 142 throughthe first circuit. The buss bars 246 are shown as including an elongatedhot buss bar 248. Each of the buss bars 246 is metallic in nature and apair of hot female terminals 250 comprising a first hot female terminal252 and second hot female terminal 254. These female terminals 250aligned with the hot terminal outlets 144 of the electrical outletreceptacles 142.

With further reference to FIG. 37, the buss bars 246 also include apass-through buss bar 256. When the receptacle junction block 130 is setup to utilize the first circuit of the two circuits of the four-wireconfiguration, the pass-through buss bar 256 will be connected to thewires and terminals associated with the hot wire for the second circuit.Accordingly, the second circuit will not be made available through theelectrical outlet receptacles 142 and, instead, will merely be passedthrough the receptacle junction block 130 so that, if desired, thesecond circuit can be utilized with other electrical components. Inaccordance with certain aspects of the invention, when it is desired touse the second circuit instead of the first circuit, the pass-throughbuss bar 256 will merely be repositioned into the buss bar slots(described subsequently herein) within the back central housing 244which originally contained the hot buss bar 248. In the buss bar carrierslots vacated by the pass-through buss bar 256, a second circuit hotbuss bar 248 will be positioned. This second circuit hot buss bar 248Ais illustrated in FIG. 41 and FIG. 41A. As illustrated in thesedrawings, the hot buss bar 248A includes a bracket 248B which willextend the hot female terminals 252A and 254A into a position so thatthey are aligned with the hot terminal outlets 144 of the electricaloutlet receptacles 142. In view of the foregoing, and therefore inaccordance with certain aspects of the invention, the receptaclejunction block 130 can be switched from providing power to theelectrical outlet receptacles 142 from a first circuit of the four-wireconfiguration to a second circuit of the four-wire configuration merelyby repositioning the pass-through buss bar 256 and substituting the hotbuss bar 248 for the hot buss bar 248A. In the preferred embodiment,this procedure is actually performed during the assembly of thereceptacle junction block 130.

In addition to the hot buss bars 248 and 248A, the receptacle junctionblock 130 may include a ground buss bar 248. The ground buss bar 258includes ground terminals 260 comprising a first ground terminal 262 anda second ground terminal 264. The ground terminals 260 are positioned onthe ground buss bar 258 so that they are in alignment with the groundterminal outlets 148 of the electrical outlet receptacles 142.

Still further, the receptacle junction block 130 also includes a neutralor common buss bar 266, as shown in FIGS. 37, 40 and 41. The neutral orcommon buss bar 266 is secured to a set of neutral female terminals 268,comprising a first neutral female terminal 270 and a second neutralfemale terminal 272. When the neutral buss bar 266 is appropriatelypositioned within the carrier slots of the back central housing 244, theneutral female 268 will be aligned with the neutral terminal outlets 146of the electrical outlet receptacles 142.

While FIG. 37 shows the buss bars 246 in an exploded view relative toother components of the receptacle junction block 130, FIG. 40 shows theback central housing 244 with its attendant buss bar slots 274. The bussbar slots 274 comprise buss bar slots 247A, 274B, 274C and 274D. Each ofthe buss bars 246 is positioned and releasably secured within acorresponding one of the buss bar slots 274. The front central housing242 will also have appropriate elements so as to mate with the slots 274and appropriately secure the buss bars 246 therewithin.

As earlier described, the receptacle junction block 130 can have itsbuss bars 46 configured so as to provide for power from the firstcircuit to be supplied to the electrical outlet receptacles 142 or,alternatively, power from the second circuit to be supplied to theoutlet receptacles 142. FIG. 40 illustrates the use of the buss bars 246so as to provide for power to the electrical outlet receptacles 142 fromthe first circuit. Specifically, the configuration shown in FIG. 40includes hot buss bar 248 and pass-through buss bar 256 and theparticular configuration shown therein. In contrast, FIG. 41 illustratesthe configuration of buss bars 246 when it is desired to provide powerto the electrical outlet receptacles 142 from the second circuit.Specifically, FIG. 41 illustrates the use of the hot buss bar 248A,having a first hot female terminal 252, and a second hot female terminal254A positioned as shown. Also, FIG. 41 illustrates the pass-throughbuss bar 256 as being in a different buss bar slot 274 than where it ispositioned in FIG. 40. FIG. 41A is a perspective view of theconfiguration of the hot buss bar 248A.

As previously described herein, particularly with respect to FIGS. 14and 15, the receptacle junction block 130 cannot be releasably securedto a female jumper cable assembly connector block 190. While theconnection arrangement is somewhat shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, a moredetailed set of illustrations is shown in FIGS. 42, 43 and 44. Therein,sectional views are shown of the part of the receptacle junction block130 which can be releasably interconnected with part of the assemblyconnector block 190. Specifically, and as previously described herein,the receptacle junction block 130 includes tab slots 154 comprising afirst tab slot 156 and second tab slot 158. Correspondingly, theconnector block 190 includes a first connector tab 210 and a secondconnector tab 212, each tab being resilient. Each of the tabs 210 and212 include a slanted front surface 211 which, because of the resilientnature of the tabs 208, have the capability of flexing. FIG. 42 shows aninitial position of the receptacle junction block 130 and the femalecable assembly connector block 190. As the components 130 and 190 aremoved closer together, the slanted surfaces 211 of the tabs 210, 212abut edges of the tab slots 154, and are bent inwardly relative thereto.Connector tabs 210, 212 are moved further into the receptacle junctionblock 130, the slanted surfaces 211 move forwardly a sufficient distanceso that they can flex outwardly through apertures 213 formed within thesides of the tab slots 156, 158. This configuration is shown in FIG. 44,while the flex configuration is shown in FIG. 43. With the connectortabs 210, 212 positioned as shown in FIG. 44, the receptacle junctionblock 130 is releasably secured with the connector block 190. That is,the two electrical elements cannot really be “pulled apart.” Instead, todisconnect the junction block 130 and connector block 190, inwardpressure must be exerted on both of the slanted surfaces 211 (that is,inwardly toward the center of the electrical components), so thatsurfaces 211 are removed from within the apertures 213. Thisconfiguration is again shown in FIG. 43. In this configuration,outwardly directed forces can then release the connector block 190 fromthe junction block 134. In accordance with the foregoing, the electricalcomponents 130, 190 comprise means for releasably securing thecomponents together, with the capability of securing the componentstogether and releasing the components from each other without the needof tools or the like.

Additional details will now be described with respect to variousembodiments of two-way, four-wire female jumper cable assemblies inaccordance with the invention. FIGS. 45-50 illustrate the two-way,four-wire female jumper cable assembly 234 previously shown in FIG. 30.As illustrated in FIGS. 45-50, the two-way jumper cable assembly 234includes a pair of two-way, four-wire female jumper cable assemblyconnector blocks 190 as previously described with respect to FIGS.16-19. In view of the prior description, the connector blocks 190 willnot be described in particular detail herein. Suffice it to say that thejumper cable assembly 234 includes a connector block 190 at each of itsopposing ends. As previously described, each connector block 190includes a housing 192, comprising a front housing cover 194 and rearhousing cover 196. A cable 198 which incorporates the four wires (notshown) for the four-wire configuration extends between the connectorblocks 190 and is suitably connected by any conventional manner to eachof the connector blocks 190. Each connector block 190 includes a femaleend connector set 204 comprising a set of four connectors 202. Femaleterminals 200 extend into each of the connectors 202 and are connectedto the wires (not shown) which extend through the cable 198. Theconnectors 202 include a keyed connector 206. Each connector block 190also includes a pair of resilient connector tabs 208, comprising a firstconnector tab 210 and a second connector tab 212. The structure and useof these connector tabs were previously described herein. In theparticular embodiment of the female jumper cable assembly 234illustrated in FIGS. 45-50, the cable 198 is shown as being constructedof a plastic or similar material, such as PVC material.

A second, alternative embodiment of a two-way, four-wire female jumpercable assembly is illustrated in FIGS. 51-54 as jumper cable assembly276. As with the jumper cable assembly 234, the jumper cable assembly276 includes an opposing pair of connector blocks 190. In view of thesubstantial similarities with the cable assembly 234, like components inthe jumper cable assembly 276 will not be described in any detailherein. Instead, it will be noted that the distinction between thefemale jumper cable assembly 234 and the female jumper cable assembly276 resides with respect to the cabling. Specifically, the jumper cableassembly 234 includes a cable 198 which was previously described hereinas comprising PVC or some other type of similar material. The jumpercable assembly 276 illustrated in FIGS. 51-54 includes a cable 278 whichis shown as being constructed of a metallic conduit. With this type ofconfiguration, it may be possible to actually provide for expansion ofthe jumper cable assembly 276.

A third embodiment of a two-way, four-wire female jumper cable assemblyis illustrated as cable assembly 280 in FIGS. 55-60. As with the cableassembly 276, the cable assembly 280 is substantially identical to thepreviously described female jumper cable assembly 234. That is, thecable assembly 280 includes a pair of connector blocks 190,corresponding to the connector blocks 190 associated with cable assembly234. However, instead of utilizing a cable 198, the cable assembly 280utilizes a cable 282 which is shown in FIGS. 55-60 as comprising wiremesh.

FIGS. 61-66 illustrate a still further embodiment of a two-way jumpercable assembly in accordance with the invention. The jumper cableassembly is shown as assembly 284. As with the jumper cable assembly234, the jumper cable assembly 284 includes a female jumper cableassembly connector block 190 connected to one end of a cable 198.However, unlike the other embodiments of jumper cable assembliespreviously described herein, the jumper cable assembly 284 includes, atits opposing end, a male jumper cable assembly connector block 286. Themale jumper cable assembly connector block 286 includes male bladeconnectors so that the connector block 286 can be electrically connectedto a female connector block, such as the female connector block 190. Themale jumper cable assembly connector block 286 has some substantialsimilarities to the end connector sections of the receptacle junctionblocks previously described herein, including receptacle junction block130. That is, the male jumper cable assembly connector block 286includes a housing 288, comprising a front housing cover 290 and a rearhousing cover 292. Male blade terminals 294 which are connected to wires(not shown) within the cable 198 extend outwardly into connectors 296 ofa male end connector set 298. The connectors 296 may include a keyedconnector 300, as primarily shown in FIG. 64. It should be noted thatthe jumper cable assembly 284 is not shown in the individual electricalcomponents illustrated in FIG. 30 for the particular modular electricalsystem being described herein. However, jumper cable connector assembly284 makes apparent that various types of configurations of male andfemale connector blocks may be utilized with electrical components inaccordance with the invention, without departing from the spirit andscope of a number of the novel concepts of the invention.

FIG. 67 is a perspective view of the female jumper cable assembly 234previously illustrated in FIGS. 45-50. Correspondingly, FIG. 68illustrates the embodiment of the female jumper cable assembly 276previously described with respect to FIGS. 51-54. FIG. 69 illustratesthe embodiment of a two-way jumper cable assembly 284 previouslydescribed with respect to FIGS. 61-66.

FIG. 70 is a partially exploded view of the two-way, four-wire femalejumper cable assembly 234 previously described herein. FIG. 70 includesthe cable 198, along with each of the connector blocks 190. As shown inFIG. 70, extending through the cable 198 is an internal cable 302. Theinternal cable 302 holds the sheathed set of four wires 304. As furthershown in FIG. 70, each of the sheathed wires 304 is connected to anindividual female terminal 200. Other components of the cable assembly234 illustrated in FIG. 70 have been previously described herein.

FIG. 71 is an exploded view of the previously described two-way jumpercable assembly 284. The jumper cable assembly 284 was previouslydescribed with respect to FIGS. 61-66. As referenced with respect tothose drawings, the jumper cable assembly 284 includes a female jumpercable assembly connector block 190, as well as a male jumper cableassembly connector block 286. The connector block 190 and the connectorblock 286 each have components previously described herein. FIG. 71illustrates, in a manner similar to FIG. 70, that the jumper cableassembly 284 includes an internal cable 302 running through the cable198. The internal cable 302 carries a set of sheathed wires 304,comprising the four-wire configuration. In the connector block 190, thesheathed wires 304 are connected to a set of female terminals 200. Incontrast, the sheathed wires 304 within the connector block 286 areelectrically connected to a set of male blade terminals 294. FIGS. 72and 73 show the manner in which the male jumper cable assembly connectorblock 286 may be electrically interconnected and releasably secured to afemale connector block, such as a female jumper cable assembly connectorblock 190. As shown in FIGS. 72 and 73, if desired, the male jumpercable assembly connector block 286 of the jumper cable assembly 284could be connected to the connector block 190 of, for example, thefemale jumper cable assembly 234. In this way, two two-way jumper cableassemblies may be connected directly together. As shown in FIG. 72, theconnector tabs 210, 212 are preferably brought into alignment withconnector tab slots (not shown) on the connector block 286. FIG. 73shows a final position of the connector tabs 210, 212 with the connectorblock 286 secured to the connector block 190. FIGS. 72 and 73 also showthe electrical mating of the male blade terminals 294 of the connectorblock 286 with the female terminals 200 of the connector block 190.

FIGS. 74-77 show the physical and releasable securing of the maleconnector block 286 to the female connector block 190 in greater detail,as well as showing greater detail with respect to the electricalinterconnections. Specifically, FIG. 74 corresponds to a smaller versionof FIG. 72, while FIG. 75 corresponds to a smaller version of FIG. 73.FIG. 76 is an enlarged view of a portion of connector blocks 286 and190, showing the relative positioning of the first connector tab 210 tothe connector block 286 when the connector blocks 286, 190 are to bephysically secured together. FIG. 76 also shows the relative positioningof certain of the male blade terminals 294 with the female terminals 200and female connectors 202. FIG. 77 illustrates a final, secured positionwith the connector block 286 mated to the connector block 190. In thisposition, the male blade terminals 294 are electrically interconnectedto the female terminals 200, within the connectors 202.

FIGS. 78-81 are similar to FIGS. 74-77, but show somewhat greater detailwith respect to the electrical and physical interconnections of theconnector blocks 286 and 190. Specifically, FIG. 78 is substantiallyidentical to FIG. 74, while FIG. 79 is substantially identical to FIG.75. However, FIG. 80, unlike FIG. 76, is an enlarged view showing theentirety of the four male blade terminals 294 as they are aligned inposition with the four female terminals 200 of the connector block 190.Correspondingly, the first connector tab 210 and the second connectortab 212 of the connector block 190 are appropriately aligned withconnector tab slots (not shown) on the connector block 186. FIG. 81illustrates a final secured position of the connector block 286 with theconnector block 190. In this position, the tabs 210 and 212 arereleasably secured to the connector block 286, while the male bladeterminals 294 are electrically interconnected with the female terminals200.

As earlier described with respect to FIG. 30, the modular electricalsystem component set 230 includes a two-way, four-wire female connector232. The connector 232 is adapted to connect in line to other electricalcomponents having end connectors utilizing male terminals. The two-wayconnector 232 is illustrated in FIGS. 82-89. With respect thereto, thetwo-way female connector 232 includes a housing 306, comprising a fronthousing cover 308 and rear housing cover 310. Connector tabs 312 extendoutwardly from opposing sides of the connector 232. The connector tabs312 include a pair of first tabs 314 and a pair of lower second tabs316. The connector tabs 314, 316 function in exactly the same manner asthe connector tabs 210, 212 previously described with respect to othercomponents of the component set 230.

As further shown in FIGS. 82-89, the two-way connector 232 also includesa pair of opposing female end connector sets 318. Each female endconnector set 318 comprises four connectors 324. The pair of connectorsets 318 comprise a first female end connector set 320 and a secondfemale end connector set 322. In accordance with the invention, and ifdesired, the end connector sets 318 may include keyed connectors, suchas the keyed connectors 326 primarily illustrated in FIGS. 84 and 85.Extending through and received within the connectors 324 are sets offemale terminals 328, as primarily shown in FIG. 88. The femaleterminals 328 are constructed in the same manner as other femaleterminals previously described herein with respect to other electricalcomponents of the component set 230. With this two-way, four-wire femaleconnector, numerous variations in electrical system configurations maybe achieved, through interconnection of male end connectors with thetwo-way connector 232.

As also previously described herein, the component set 230 includes afour-way, four-wire male connector 236, also previously illustrated inFIG. 30. The details of the four-way connector 236 will now be describedprimarily with respect to FIGS. 90-95. As shown therein, the four-wayconnector 236 includes a housing 330. The housing 330 can becharacterized as having a left-side housing 332 and right-side housing334 (the designations of left and right are arbitrary and do not haveany specific meaning). In addition, the four-way connector includes aset of four connector tab slots 336 located on the left-side housing 332and four corresponding connector tab slots 336 located on the right-sidehousing 334. The connector tab slots 336 function so as to releasablyreceive connector tabs, such as the connector tabs 210, 212 previouslydescribed herein with respect to other electrical components of thecomponent set 230. These connector tab slots can be substantiallysimilar in structure and function to the tab slots 154 previouslydescribed herein.

As further shown in FIGS. 90-95, the four-way connector 236 includesfour male connector sets 338, two of which are located on each of thetwo opposing sides of the connector 236. The male connector sets 338each include four male connectors 340. If desired, one or more of themale connectors 340 can be keyed, such as the keyed connectors 342illustrated primarily in FIGS. 92 and 93. Male blade terminals 344 canbe extended into and received through the male connector sets 338. Inthis manner, the four-way connector 236 provides a means for connecting(physically and electrically) with up to four female connector sets.Also, it is apparent from the structure of the four-way connector 236that it may be used for purposes of connecting various elements of thecomponent set 230 in a “back-to-back” relationship.

Although not shown in FIG. 30, it is also possible to utilize othertypes of four-way connectors in accordance with the invention. Forexample, FIGS. 100 and 101 illustrate what can be characterized as afour-way, four-wire female connector 346. Unlike the four-way connector236, which included male terminals, the four-way connector 346 includesfemale terminals. More specifically, and with reference to FIGS. 100 and101, the four-way female connector 346 includes a housing 348 comprisinga left-side housing cover 350 and a right-side housing cover 352.Connector tab slots 354 are located in each of the four corners on eachhousing cover 350, 352. The connector 346 also includes four femaleconnector sets 356, with each connector set 356 having four femaleconnectors 358. If desired, one or more of the female connectors 358 canbe keyed, such as the keyed connectors 360 illustrated in the drawings.Extending into and received by the female connectors 358 are a set offemale terminals 362. In a preferred embodiment, the female connectors362 may be provided by the use of H-terminal assemblies 364, asprimarily shown in FIGS. 96-100. The H-terminal assemblies 364 wouldcomprise four in number for a four-wire system. As primarily shown inFIGS. 96-99, each

H-terminal assembly 364 includes a cross bar connector 366. The crossbar connector 366 connects opposing ones of pairs of female terminals362. The structure and general configuration of the H-terminalassemblies 364 are particularly conducive to use with electricalcomponents, such as the four-way connector 346.

As also previously described with respect to FIG. 30, the modularelectrical system components set 230 includes a three-way, four-wiremale/female jumper cable assembly 238. The jumper cable assembly willnow be described with respect primarily to FIGS. 102-105. A number ofthe components of the three-way jumper cable assembly 238 are similar toother components previously described herein. Such components will, whenpossible, be like numbered and will not be described in substantialdetail. More specifically, the jumper cable assembly 238 is adapted toprovide for two female end connectors and one male end connector. Withreference to FIGS. 102-105, the jumper cable assembly 238 includes aplastic or a similar cable 198 through which a set of four wires (notshown) extend. Connected in any suitable manner to one end of the jumpercable 198 is a female jumper cable assembly connector block 190. Theconnector block 190 has been previously described herein with respect toother electrical components of the component set 230. At the opposingend of the jumper cable 198, and connected in any suitable mannerthereto, is a three-way, four-wire male/female jumper cable assemblyconnector block 368. The jumper cable assembly connector block 368includes means for providing both female terminal connections and maleterminal connections. With reference to the drawings, the male/femalejumper cable assembly connector block 368 includes a female endconnector portion 370 and a male end connector portion 372. The femaleend connector portion 370 is similar in structure and function to thefemale jumper cable assembly connector block 190. Correspondingly, themale end connector portion 372 is similar in structure and function tothe male end connection configurations of the receptacle junction blocks130.

More specifically, the male/female junction cable assemble connectorblock 368 includes a housing 374. The housing 374 comprises a fronthousing cover 376 and rear housing cover 378. With reference to thefemale end connector portion 370, the portion 370 includes a female endconnector set 380 having a series of four female connectors 382. One ormore of the connectors 382 may be a keyed connector 384, havingstructure and function as previously described herein. Extending intoeach of the female connectors 382 and connected internal within thefemale end connection portion 370 to the wires (not shown) extendingthrough the jumper cable 198 are a set of four female terminals 386,each female terminal 386 being received within one of the connectors382. Each female terminal 386 is connected to one of the four wires (notshown) of the four-wire configuration passing through the jumper cable198.

Turning to the male end connector portion 372, the male end connectorportion 372 is primarily shown in FIGS. 103, 103C and 105. Withreference thereto, the male end connector portion 372 includes a maleend connector set 388. The male end connector set 388 includes a set offour male connectors 390, substantially identical to male connectorspreviously described herein with respect to other components of thecomponent set 230. One or more of the male connectors 390 may be a keyedconnector, such as the keyed connector 392 illustrated in FIG. 103C.Male blade terminals 394, electrically connected to the wires (notshown) running through the jumper cable 198 extend into and are receivedwithin individual ones of the male connectors 390. In this manner, theconnector portion 372 provides a male terminal set for electricallyconnecting to female terminal sets. In additional to the aforementionedelements, the female end connector portion 370 can include a set ofconnector tabs 396, corresponding in structure and function to theconnector tabs previously described herein with respect to otherelements of the component set 230. In addition, the male end connectorportion 372 can include a pair of connector tab slots 398 adapted toreceive connector tabs associated with female end connectors of otherelectrical components of the component set 230.

In addition to the three-way, four-wire male/female jumper cableassembly 238 illustrated in FIGS. 102-105, other, slightly modifiedembodiments of three-way jumper cable assemblies may be utilized. Forexample, FIGS. 106-109 illustrate a three-way jumper cable assembly 400.The jumper cable assembly 400 is identical to the jumper cable assembly238, with the exception that the jumper cable assembly 400 utilizes awire mesh cable 402, instead of a plastic or a similar jumper cable 198.In this regard, FIG. 110 illustrates a perspective view of the jumpercable assembly 238, while FIG. 111 illustrates a perspective view of thethree-way jumper cable connector assembly 400. For purposes of the fulldescription, FIG. 112 is another perspective view of the three-wayjumper cable connector assembly 238, but rotated 180° relative to theperspective view of FIG. 110.

FIGS. 113 and 114 illustrate special views showing the interiors of theconnector block 190 and the connector block 368 of the jumper cableassembly 238. As shown in FIG. 113, the connector block 368 includes theconnector portion 370 having a set of female terminals 386 connected tothe four sheathed wires 304. Correspondingly, the four sheathed wires304 are also connected to the male blade terminals 394 which extendoutwardly through the male connectors 390 of the male end connectorportion 372. Correspondingly, FIG. 114 illustrates the interior of theconnector block 190, which has previously been described herein withrespect to other components of the component set 230. Specifically, FIG.114 illustrates the set of sheathed wires 304 as being connected toindividual ones of the female terminals 200.

FIG. 115 illustrates an initial position for interconnecting a connectorblock 190 of a two-way connector 234 to the male end connector portion372 of the connector block 368 of the three-wire connector 238. FIG. 116is similar to FIG. 115, but shows the three-way connector 238 fullyconnected to the two-way connector 234. FIG. 117 is a perspective andpartially exploded view of the three-way connector 400, having the wiremesh cable 402. FIG. 117 shows the interiors of the jumper cableassembly connector block 368 and the jumper cable assembly connectorblock 190. The remaining elements shown in FIG. 117 have been previouslydescribed herein.

Although not shown in FIG. 30 as being a principal element of thecomponent set 230, modular electrical systems in accordance with theinvention can also include a four-wire power end connector, such as thefour-wire power end connector 404 illustrated in FIGS. 118-129.Perspective views of the four-wire power end connector 404 areillustrated in FIGS. 125, 126 and 127. First, with reference to FIGS.118-123, the four-wire power end connector 404 includes a junction block406. Extending outwardly from each of the two opposing ends of thejunction block 406 are a pair of male end connectors 408. The male endconnectors 408 can be similar in structure and function to the male endconnectors previously described herein with respect to the receptaclejunction blocks 130. Each of the mail end connectors 408 includes a setof four male blade terminals 410. The male blade terminals 410 extendinginto one of the male end connectors 408 are electrically connected tothe male blade terminals 410 extending into the other of the male endconnectors 408. In a conventional manner, the male blade terminals 410are integral with metallic buss bars and form the ends of the buss barswithin the junction block 406. Alternatively, the male blade terminals410 could be connected directly to wires supplying incoming power intothe junction block 406. The concept of connecting incoming power wireswithin a junction block of a power end connector and male terminalsassociated therewith is known in the art. With reference to all of FIGS.118-129, the power end connector 404 further includes a base 412 whichcan be secured in any suitable manner to the top of the junction block406. Secured to the base 412 is a clevis 414, comprising a pair ofclevis brackets 416. Extending outwardly from each of the clevisbrackets 416 is one of a pair of bosses 418.

As shown in a number of the drawings of FIGS. 118-129, the power endconnector 404 also includes a cable 420 through which a set of foursheathed wires 422 extend. The sheathed wires 422 carry incoming powerin a four-wire configuration to the end connector 404. However, itshould be emphasized that other numbers of wire configurations could beutilized without departing from a number of the novel concepts of theinvention.

Secured to the cable 420 in any suitable manner is a connection bracket424 through which the sheathed wires 422 may extend. The connectionbracket 424 includes a base 426 and a pair of opposing snaps 428. Thesnaps 428 are sized and configured so that the bosses 418 can be “snapfitted” into the apertures associates with the snaps 428. The snap fitconfiguration should be sized and configured so that it is possible torotate the cable 420 and base 426 relative to the junction block 406,while maintaining a secure relationship absent the application ofexternal forces so as to release the bosses 418 from the snaps 428. Asshown in FIGS. 124, 128 and 129, the four-wire power end connector 404can be extended into a slot 430 of a wall panel 100 having a raceway108, as previously described with respect to FIG. 1. As shownparticularly in FIG. 129, the power end connector 404 can also include acover 432 which can be secured in any suitable manner to the power endconnector 404 or to the sides of the slot 430, so as to maintain theangular configuration of the cable 420 in a particular desiredconfiguration relative to the junction block 406. In accordance withcertain aspects of the invention, the power end connector 404 providesthe capability of utilizing differing angular configurations of thecable 420 relative to the junction block 406. For example, FIG. 125could be characterized as showing the cable 420 in a 0° configurationrelative to the junction block 406. FIG. 126 could be characterized asshowing the cable 420 in a 90° configuration relative to the junctionblock 406. That is, the elongation of the cable 420 essentially extendsperpendicular to the lengthwise dimension of the junction block 406.Correspondingly, FIG. 127 may be characterized as showing the cable 420in a 180° orientation relative to the junction block 406. The 90°orientation is also shown in FIG. 128, while the 180° orientation (withthe cover 432) is also shown in FIG. 129.

The foregoing has described a number of the principal components whichmay be utilized with a component set in accordance with the invention.However, it should be emphasized that numerous other types ofconfigurations may be utilized, without departing from a number of thenovel concepts of the invention. Also, it should be apparent fromdescriptions and illustrations associated with the four-way connector236 and other components of the component set 230 that a number of thecomponents of the component set 230 can be utilized in a “back-to-back”configuration, if the width of raceways supporting structures are ofsufficient width. Correspondingly, and in accordance with certainaspects of the invention, the relatively narrow structure of thefour-wire components of the component set 230 in accordance with theinvention is advantageous in view of the capability of the componentsfitting within relatively narrow panels and desk systems having smallraceways.

The following paragraphs briefly describe various types of connectionconfigurations which may be utilized with the component set 230 andvarious other elements and structures which may be useful with thecomponent set 230.

FIG. 130 illustrates a system configuration 436 utilizing components inaccordance with the invention, with a work surface 438 instead of a wallpanel system or similar type of wall structure. As shown in FIG. 130,the system configuration 436 includes, on the right-hand side of theconfiguration as viewed in FIG. 130, a two-way jumper cable assembly234, having one connector block 190 coupled to one end of a receptaclejunction block 130. The other end of the receptacle junction block 130is connected to a connector block 190 of another two-way jumper cableassembly 234, which may be of a differing length than the aforedescribedjumper cable assembly 234. The opposing connector block 190 of thesecond jumper cable assembly 234 is connected to one end of a secondreceptacle junction block 130. The other end of the receptacle junctionblock 130 is connected to a further electrical component which may becharacterized as an incoming power cable assembly 440. The incomingpower cable assembly 440 includes a connector block 190 which may bedirectly connected into the adjacent end of the receptacle junctionblock 130. The power cable assembly 440 includes a cable 442, covering aset of four sheathed wires 444. As shown in FIG. 130, the sheathed wires444, at the end opposing the connector block 190, are out in the open.This is to signify that the sheathed wires 444 may be connected to anincoming power source or to various other types of electricalcomponents.

FIG. 131 shows a system configuration in accordance with the invention,whereby a pair of two-way jumper cable assemblies 234 are connected to acommon end of a four-way connector 236. One of the male terminal sets ofthe four-way connector 236 on the opposing side thereof is connected toa two-way female connector 232. The two-way female connector 232, inturn, is connected at its opposing end to a receptacle junction block130.

FIG. 132 illustrates a two-way jumper cable assembly 234 connected tothe male terminal set of a three-way jumper cable assembly 238. A femaleterminal set of the three-way jumper cable assembly 238 is connected toone end of a receptacle junction block 130.

FIG. 133 illustrates a connector block 190 of a two-way jumper cableassembly 234 connected directly to one male end terminal set of areceptacle junction block 130. The opposing male end terminal set of thereceptacle junction block 130 is connected to one end of a two-wayconnector 232. The opposing end of the two-way connector 232 isconnected to a second receptacle junction block 130. A further systemconfiguration is shown in FIG. 134. In this configuration, in a mannersomewhat similar to the configuration shown in FIG. 131, a pair oftwo-way jumper cable assemblies 234 are each connected to male terminalsets on one end of a four-way connector 236. One of the male terminalsets on the opposing end of the four-way connector 236 is connected to aconnector block 190 of a third two-way jumper cable assembly 234.

FIG. 135 shows a system configuration utilizing the same components asutilized in the system configuration illustrated in FIG. 133. However,FIGS. 136 and 137 show enlarged views of the first male end connectorset 136 of the end most receptacle junction block 130, and the femaleterminals 200 and tabs 210, 212 associated with the connector bracket190 respectively.

FIG. 138 illustrates a front, elevation view of a receptacle junctionblock 130, substantially corresponding to the junction blocks 130previously described herein. FIG. 138A illustrates the concept that theconnectors at the ends of the receptacle junction block 130 may includenot only one but a pair of keyed connectors 446. FIG. 139 againillustrates a receptacle junction block 130, similar to those previouslydescribed herein, and showing that the keyed connectors may only includea single keyed connector 448, as illustrated in FIG. 140. In somewhat ofa contrast, FIG. 141 illustrates a receptacle junction block 138A, whichcan include components substantially corresponding to componentspreviously described herein with respect to the receptacle junctionblocks 130. However, as shown in FIG. 142, the male connector set andmale blade terminals include a keyed connector 450 and a set of fivemale blade terminals 452, corresponding to a five-wire configuration.With the five-wire configuration, it is possible to utilize threeseparate circuits, with a common neutral and a common ground. FIG. 141and FIG. 142 are shown so as to illustrate that a multiple wireconfiguration other than four wires may be utilized, without departingfrom a number of the principal concepts of the invention.

FIG. 143 illustrates the incoming power cable assembly 440 previouslydescribed herein, with a connector block 190 in a position so as to beelectrically connected to a receptacle junction block 130. FIG. 144shows the incoming power cable assembly 440 in a fully connected statewith the receptacle junction block 130. FIG. 145 illustrates theinternal components of the connector block 190 associated with theincoming power cable assembly 440. These components correspond tocomponents previously described herein with respect to other connectorblocks 190, and will not be described in any detail herein. Suffice itto say that the connector block 190 includes front housing cover 194,rear housing cover 196, female terminals 200, and female connectors 202.Connector tabs 210, 212 are also provided. The incoming power cableassembly 440 also includes an interior cable 302 which protects thesheathed wires 304. FIG. 146 illustrates the incoming power cableassembly 440 in a fully assembled state.

FIGS. 147, 148 and 149 each illustrate in an enlarged detail theelectrical and physical interconnection between the connector block 190of the incoming power cable assembly 440 and the male connector end ofthe receptacle junction block 130. These physical and electricalinterconnections have been described in previous paragraphs herein withrespect to other electrical components, and will not be described in anydetail herein.

FIGS. 150-153 illustrate an additional type of connector assembly 454which may be utilized in accordance with the invention. The connectorassembly 454 includes a cable 198, connector block 190 and a digitalconnector 456 at the opposing end of the connector assembly 454. Thedigital connector 456 could be any of a number of various types ofconnectors, with the assumption being that the four-wire configurationcarries digital signals other than analog signals. FIGS. 150-153 aremeant to show that various other types of connector blocks may beutilized, other than the specific connector blocks described herein,such as the connector blocks 190.

FIGS. 154 and 154A illustrate a connector block 190 attached to a cable198, and shows the concept of utilizing keyed connectors as a keyedconnector pair 458. The keyed connector pair 458 comprises a pair ofconnectors located at the top of the four connector set. FIGS. 155 and155A are similar, but illustrate a keyed connector pair 460 ascomprising the top and the second from the top connectors as comprisingthe keyed connectors 460. FIGS. 156 and 156A illustrate a receptaclejunction block somewhat different than the junction block 190, and isreferred to in the drawings as receptacle junction block 190A. As shownin FIG. 156, the receptacle junction block 190A also includes a keyedconnector, such as the keyed connector 462. However, instead of having afour-wire configuration, FIG. 156 illustrates the connector block 190Aas having a five-wire circuit configuration. With the five-wireconfiguration, three separate circuits can be provided, assuming acommon ground and common neutral.

Returning to the specific invention associated herewith, the principlesof the invention are disclosed, by way of example, within modularelectrical systems which specifically provide for an integral junctionblock assembly, where the junction block comprises integrated receptacleblocks, with the receptacle blocks providing for back-to-back receptacleconfigurations. These inventive principles will be describedspecifically with respect to systems illustrated in FIGS. 157-170. Anumber of the components of the integral junction block correspond tocomponents of junction blocks with one integral receptacle blockassociated herewith and previously described herein. Accordingly, someof these components will not be described in detail. Turning to thedrawings, and particularly with respect initially to FIGS. 157-162, theelectrical component in accordance with the invention is characterizedas a four wire integral receptacle junction block 530. The integralreceptacle junction block 530 is similar in structure to the receptaclejunction block 130 previously described with respect to FIGS. 2-5, andalso with respect to FIGS. 31-39. The primary distinction between thereceptacle junction block 530 and the receptacle junction block 130 isthat the receptacle junction block 530 includes receptacle blocks onboth sides of the junction block itself Although the receptacle junctionblock 530 is described as a four-wire junction block, it should beemphasized that without departing from the spirit and scope of certainnovel concepts of the invention, the receptacle junction block 530 mayutilize other numbers of wires, such as 5, 8, 14 and the like. Also,when describing the receptacle junction block 530 and its potentialinterconnections to other components of electrical systems in accordancewith the invention, it will be assumed that the connector sets(subsequently described herein) at opposing ends of the receptaclejunction block 530 will consist of male blade terminals, and may bereferred herein as male connector sets or male connector blocks.However, it should again be emphasized that without departing from anumber of concepts of the invention, the receptacle junction block 530could be developed and assembled with female connector sets at opposingends of the block 530. In fact, with all electrical components inaccordance with the invention, it should be emphasized that femaleconnector sets may be substituted for male connector sets, and viceversa. Also, and as earlier stated, a number of concepts of theinvention are not limited to the use of four wires and/or to separatecircuits. Instead, the connector configurations initially describedherein, with respect to the use of four wire configurations, essentiallycomprise what the inventor believes may be a preferred embodiment forelectrical systems in accordance with the invention.

Turning again to FIGS. 157-170, the primary purposes of the four wirereceptacle junction block 530 is to provide a means for supplying powerto electrical outlet receptacles which are formed as integral componentsof the receptacle junction block 530 on both sides of the junctionblock. The receptacle junction block 530 also provides a means forsupplying power to the electrical outlet receptacles through one of twoselective circuits (assuming four wire circuitry). In addition, thereceptacle junction block 530 provides a means for passing incomingpower past the integrally coupled electrical outlet receptacles andfacilitating distribution of the power to other components of a modularelectrical system. FIG. 157 illustrates a plan view of the integralreceptacle junction block assembly 530 in accordance with the invention.The receptacle junction block 530 includes opposing male end connectors,with a pair of integrally molded duplex receptacles on opposing sides ofthe junction block 530. The junction block 530 is adapted to utilizefour wires, thereby providing two separate circuits, with a commonneutral and a common ground. FIG. 158 illustrates a front elevation viewof the integral receptacle junction block 530, while FIG. 159 is aleft-side elevation view of the junction block 530. Correspondingly,FIG. 160 is a right-side elevation view of the receptacle junction block530, while FIG. 161 is an underside view of the integral receptaclejunction block assembly 530. Similarly, FIG. 162 is an elevation view ofthe receptacle junction block assembly 530 shown in FIG. 157, with FIG.162 showing a side of the junction block assembly 530 opposing the sideshowing in FIG. 158. In addition to the views shown in FIGS. 157-162,FIG. 163 illustrates a left-side front perspective view of the junctionblock assembly 530, while FIG. 164 illustrates a right-side rearperspective view of the rear portion of the junction block assembly 530.

With reference first to FIGS. 157-162, the receptacle junction blockassembly 530 includes a central housing 532 having somewhat of abox-like configuration. Integrally molded to opposing ends of thecentral housing 532 are a pair of male connector sets 534. The connectorsets 534, as primarily shown in FIGS. 159 and 160, comprise a first maleend connector set 536, and a second male end connector set 538. Aspreviously described with respect to the junction block assembly 130,the male end connector sets 536 and 538 each include connector housingsfor male blade terminals. Extending outwardly from one side of thecentral housing 532 and integrally molded therewith is a first duplexreceptacle set 540. The receptacle set 530 includes a pair of electricaloutlet receptacles 542. Each of the outlet receptacles 542 is adaptedfor use with a grounded circuit, and includes three outlets.Specifically, each outlet receptacle 542 includes a hot terminal outlet544, neutral terminal outlet 546, and ground terminal outlet 548, theoutlets being conventional in nature.

Extending outwardly from an opposing side of the central housing 532 andintegrally molded therewith is a second duplex receptacle set 541. Thesecond duplex receptacle set 541 includes a pair of electrical outletreceptacles 543. Each of the outlet receptacles 543 is adapted for usewith a grounded circuit, and includes three outlets. Specifically, eachoutlet receptacle 543 includes a hot terminal outlet 545, neutralterminal outlet 547 and ground terminal outlet 549, the outlets beingconventional in nature. It should be noted that the electrical outletreceptacles 542 associated with the first duplex receptacles at 540 maybe associated with one circuit coming into the integral receptaclejunction block assembly 530, while a second incoming circuit isconnected to the second duplex receptacle set 541.

As shown particularly in FIG. 159, the first male end connector set 536includes a series of four male blade terminals 550 extending into thefirst male end connector set 536. The same male blade terminals 550 willalso appear extending through the second opposing male end connector set538. As shown particularly in FIG. 159, the first male end connector set536 includes a keyed connector 552 located at the top of the individualconnectors 551. A corresponding keyed connector 552 will also existwithin a set of connectors 551 associated with the second opposing maleend connector set 538. The key connectors 552, in accordance with theinvention, provide for a means for ensuring proper polarization andcircuitry connection among individual components which are connected tothe integral receptacle junction block assembly 530.

As previously stated, the four male blade terminals 550 extending intothe first male end connector set 536 will also appear extending throughthe second opposing male end connector set 538. As with the first maleend connector set 536, a keyed connector 552 can be positioned at thetop of individual connectors 551 associated with the second opposingmale end connector set 538. With reference to FIG. 159, the first maleend connector set 536 includes a pair of tab slots 554 located at thetop and bottom portions of the end of the connector set 536. The tabslots 554 comprise a first tab slot 556 and a second tab slot 558. Aswith other receptacle junction blocks described herein, the tab slots556, 558 are utilized to mechanically and electrically secure thereceptacle junction block 530 to other electrical components of anassociated electrical system. Similarly, corresponding tab slots 554 canalso be positioned on the second opposing male end connector set 538,and include a first tab slot 556 and a second tab slot 558.

For purposes of showing completeness as to the structure andconfiguration of the integral junction block assembly 530, FIG. 163 isan upper left-side perspective view of the junction block assembly 530,showing the first duplex receptacle set 540. Correspondingly, FIG. 164is a view of the opposing side of the integral junction block assembly530, particularly showing the second duplex receptacle set 541.Correspondingly, FIG. 163 also shows the first male end connector set536, while the second male end connector set 538 is visible in FIG. 164.

FIG. 165 is an exploded view of the integral receptacle junction blockassembly 530, showing the internal circuitry associated with buss bars.Specifically, FIG. 165 illustrates the central housing 532 in anexploded configuration. Specifically, the central housing 532 is shownas comprising a first housing side 560. The central housing 532 alsocomprises a substantially identical second housing side 562. AlthoughFIG. 165 does not show an actual view of the second housing side 562,the second housing side 562 is shown in FIG. 164. Correspondingly, thefirst housing side 560 is shown in FIG. 163. As previously describedwith respect to other illustrations herein, the first housing side 560is integrally formed with a first receptacle block 564. As shownparticularly in FIGS. 163 and 165, the first receptacle block 564 isintegral with the first housing side 560 of the central housing 532.Correspondingly, the first receptacle block 564 also carries the outletsof the first duplex receptacle set 540. Similarly, the second housingset 562 is integral with a second receptacle block 566 shown primarilyin FIG. 164. Connected to or otherwise integral with the male bladeterminals 550 previously described herein are a series of four buss bars570. The buss bars can differ in central configuration, in part, butcertain of the buss bars have a primary identical basic configuration.More specifically, the buss bars 570 can be utilized for differentelectrical elements, depending upon the subcomponents attached to thebuss bars. Further, it should be noted that the specific physicalconfiguration of the buss bars 570 within the junction block housingassembly 530 will dependent upon which of two circuits is being utilizedas a “pass through” circuit, and which of the two circuits is beingutilized to energize the first and second duplex receptacle sets 540,541. It should be noted that in accordance with the invention, the bussbars 570 are being used in a four wire configuration to supplyelectrical power to duplex receptacle sets located on opposing sides ofthe junction block housing 530. Further, this configuration is achievedwith the duplex receptacle sets 540 and 541 being positioned so as to beintegral with the components of the junction block housing itself.

The buss bars shown in FIG. 165 include what can be characterized as ahot buss bar 574. The hot buss bar 574 provides a hot connector for afirst one of the two electrical circuits applied to the junction blockassembly 530. As apparent from FIG. 165, the hot buss bar 574 includes afirst straight section 576, with a first angled section 578 integraltherewith. At an opposing end of the first angled section 578 is amiddle straight section 580. The middle straight section 580 is integralwith a second angled section 582. In turn, the second angled section 582is integral with a second straight section 584. It is apparent fromother portions of the illustration of FIG. 165, and other drawingsherein, the hot buss bar 574 is formed with other elements so as toprovide for a hot buss bar assembly 586. The hot buss bar assembly 586includes the hot buss bar 574 and a first female connector component588. The connector clip component 588 is specifically shown in a standalone configuration in FIG. 168. The female connector clip component 588includes a connecting bracket 590 which is utilized to connect to themiddle straight section 580 of the hot buss bar 574. This connection canbe made by rivets or similar connection means. The connector clipcomponent 588 further includes a pair of opposing female connector clipswhich open in a first direction which corresponds to a downwarddirection in FIGS. 165 and 168. These connector clips 590 will bepositioned adjacent to the hot terminal outlets 545 previously describedwith respect to FIG. 162.

In addition to the first female connector clip component 588, the hotbuss bar assembly 574 further includes a second female connector clipcomponent 592, also shown best in FIG. 168, although the component 592is also shown in FIG. 165. The second female connector clip component592 includes a connection bracket 594 which will be utilized with poprivets or similar connecting means to secure and couple the secondfemale connector clip component 592 to the hot buss bar 574. In additionto the connecting bracket 594, the second female connector clipcomponent 592 further includes a pair of female connector clips 596,again as primarily shown in FIGS. 165 and 168, as well as FIG. 169. Thesecond female connector clips 596 open in a direction opposing thedirection to which the first female connector clips 590 open. Further,the second female connector clips 596 are structured and positioned sothat they align with the hot terminal outlets 544 shown in FIG. 158 andFIG. 165. Accordingly, the components mounted to the hot buss bar 574can be utilized to provide for the hot terminals associated with boththe first duplex receptacle set 540 and the second duplex receptacle set541. As apparent from the drawings, FIG. 169 illustrates the hot bussbar 574 with the first female connector clip component 588 securedthereto, and further shows the position of the second female connectorclip component 592 as it would be moved forward to connection with thehot buss bar 574. FIG. 170 shows the 40 assembled hot buss assembly 586,which substantially corresponds to the hot buss bar 586 shown in FIG.165.

Turning back to FIG. 165, there is shown a ground buss bar assembly 598which is utilized to provide ground terminal connections for incomingpower as applied to the ground terminals 548 and 549. The ground bussbar assembly 598 includes a ground buss bar 600. The ground buss bar 600is substantially elongated in configuration, and includes a firststraight section 602, a U-shaped section 604 integral with the straightsection 602, and an opposing U-shaped section 606 integral with thesection 604. As further shown in FIG. 165, a further U-shaped section608 is positioned centrally with the ground buss bar assembly 598. TheU-shaped section 608 is integral with section 606, and is furtherintegral with an opposing U-shaped section 610. The U-shaped section 610is integral with a terminating straight section 612. Further, U-shapedsections 614 are coupled to the ground buss bar 600. For connectionpurposes, the U-shaped sections 606 and 610 would be connected to theground terminals 548 of the first duplex receptacle set 540.Correspondingly, the U-shaped sections 614 will be coupled to the groundterminals 549 of the second duplex receptacle set 541. FIG. 165 furthershows a second hot buss bar 616 positioned in a configuration of FIG.165. In this particular embodiment, the hot buss bar 616 does not supplypower to any of the duplex receptacle sets associated with the junctionblock assembly 530. Instead, the hot buss bar 616 does not supply powerto any of the duplex receptacle sets associated with the junction blockassembly 530. Instead, the hot buss bar 616 is utilized as a passthrough conductor. The power from one of the two incoming circuits(i.e., the hot read for the power) is applied to the hot buss bar 616and it is passed through the junction block assembly 530 for use withother components of a power distribution system.

Turning again to FIG. 165, the buss bar assemblies further include aneutral buss bar assembly 620. The neutral buss bar assembly 620 issubstantially identical to the hot buss bar assembly 586. As with thehot buss bar assembly 586, the neutral buss bar assembly 620 includes abuss bar 622, characterized as a neutral buss bar and is substantiallyidentical to the hot buss bar 574. Correspondingly, for purposes ofconnection of neutral terminals to the incoming power, the neutral bussbar assembly 620 includes a first female connector clip component 624.The first female connector clip component 624 is substantially similarto the first female connector clip component 588 previously describedherein. Correspondingly, the neutral buss bar assembly 620 includes asecond female connector clip component 628. Connector clip component 628is similar to the second female connector clip component 592, alsopreviously described herein. In addition to the foregoing, the firstfemale connector clip component 624 includes a pair of first femaleconnector clips 626. These connector clips 626 open in a commondirection and are adjacent to the neutral terminals 546 previouslydescribed with respect to FIG. 158. Similarly, the second femaleconnector clip component 628 includes a pair of second connector clips630. The connector clips 630 open in an opposing direction relative tothe connector clips 626. The second connector clips 630 are positionedadjacent to the neutral terminals 546 shown in FIG. 162.

For purposes of clarity, FIG. 165 also shows a side of the centralhousing 532 which opposes the side of the central housing 532 which isshown as comprising the first duplex receptacle set 540. FIG. 165 alsoshows the slots 632 within which the various buss bars can bepositioned. Further, it should be emphasized that the particularconfiguration shown in FIG. 165 is an embodiment directed to the use ofa first one of the two circuits applied as incoming power to the bussbar assembly 530. If it is desired to use the other one of the twocircuits to supply power to the junction block assembly 530, the bussbars 570 can be repositioned and connectable components reassembled sothat the buss bar 616 is utilized to supply power from the secondcircuit to the duplex receptacle sets 540 and 541. Again, referring tothe buss bar slots 632, the size can be characterized as comprising fourslots identified as buss bar slots 632A, 632B, 632C and 632D. Each ofthe buss bars 570 will be positioned and releasably secured within acorresponding one of the buss bar slots 632.

FIG. 168 is a partially exploded view which shows the buss bars 570,with their attendant assemblies, positioned within the buss bar slots632. FIG. 167 is a partially schematic and partially block diagramshowing electrical interconnections when using either the first orsecond circuits for power to be applied to the junction block assembly530. With the lines shown associated with circuit 1, the neutralterminal 546 is connected to the neutral buss bar 620. Similarly, theground terminal 548 is connected to the ground buss bar 598. Withcircuit 1, the second hot buss bar 616 is not connected to any terminalsof the duplex receptacle sets, and instead is just a pass throughconductor. The hot buss bar 586 is, in fact, connected to the hotterminal 544 of the duplex receptacle sets. In this manner, the incomingpower associated with circuit 1 is applied to the junction blockassembly 530. Correspondingly, to provide for circuit 2 to be applied tothe junction block assembly 530, the connections to the mutual andground buss bars remain the same. However, there is no connectionbetween the terminals and the duplex receptacle sets and the first hotbuss bar assembly 586. Instead, the hot terminal 544 is connected to thehot buss bar assembly 616.

In accordance with all of the foregoing, the embodiments in accordancewith the invention comprise the use of integral duplex receptacle setspositioned on both sides of a junction block assembly. This is achievedwithout the necessity of having a relatively wide junction block, withmore than one set of four terminals for a four wire system. Inaccordance with other concepts of the invention, the buss barconfiguration associated with a junction block assembly in accordancewith the invention can provide for supplying power through one of twoalternative circuits which are applied to the junction block assembly530. However, one of the alternative power circuits is passed throughthe junction block assembly 530, or the others applied to the associatedduplex receptacle sets.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the pertinent arts that stillother embodiments of electrical assemblies in accordance with theinvention can be designed. That is the principles of an electricalassembly in accordance with the invention are not limited to thespecific embodiments described herein. Accordingly, it will be apparentto those skilled in the art that modifications and other variations ofthe above-described illustrative embodiments of the invention may beeffected without departing from the spirit and scope of the novelconcepts of the invention.

1. An electrical system adapted for use in a raceway for providing anelectrical power distribution system for supplying power throughreceptacles for purposes of energizing power-driven devices, saidelectrical system comprising: a source of incoming electrical power,comprising a first circuit, with said incoming electrical power beingsupplied through a first hot conductor, a neutral conductor, and aground conductor; an integral receptacle junction block assemblyconnected to said incoming electrical power, said integral receptaclejunction block assembly comprising: a central housing, comprising afirst housing side and a second housing side; a first connector sethaving means for connecting said incoming electrical power to componentsof said junction block assembly; a second connector set positioned in anopposing relationship relative to said first connector set for providingmeans for power being passed through said junction block assembly; afirst receptacle set comprising a plurality of receptacles, each of saidreceptacles comprising common ground and neutral terminals; a secondreceptacle set positioned in an opposing relationship to said firstreceptacle set, said second receptacle set comprising hot, neutral andground terminals, and integral with said central housing; and aninternal buss bar configuration for supplying said incoming power tosaid first and second receptacle sets.
 2. An electrical system inaccordance with claim 1, characterized in that said incoming powercomprises first and second power circuits, each of said power circuitscomprising hot, neutral and ground conductors; said junction blockassembly comprises means for applying power from said first powercircuit to said receptacle sets, while passing through power from saidsecond power circuit through internal circuitry of said junction blockassembly, and providing power from said second power circuit to saidsecond connector set.
 3. An electrical system in accordance with claim2, characterized in that said system comprises a four wire system.
 4. Anelectrical system in accordance with claim 3, characterized in that saidsystem comprises the use of said neutral buss bar assembly, said groundbuss bar assembly, and one of said two hot buss bars associated with oneof said two circuits, for electrical connection to said receptacle sets.